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. 2023 Jan 23;13:1017350. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1017350

TABLE 1.

Seven cohorts of volunteers: Chi (med) and Yoga (med) are the two meditation cohorts, while Chi (rest) and Yoga (rest) are controls prior to meditation. Also considered are the metronomic breathing, normal healthy adults during sleep, and elite athletes during sleep. ‘Duration’ refers to the average time per volunteer (minutes), and N 5 is the total number of 5-min segments we used in the analysis.

Cohort Description Volunteers Duration (min.) N 5
Chi (med) Chi meditation 8 57.1 67
Chi (rest) Prior to meditation 8 58.3 54
Yoga (med) Kundalini Yoga meditation 4 11.1 8
Yoga (rest) Prior to meditation 4 10.1 6
Metronomic Metronomic breathing 14 10.0 25
Sleep—Normal Sleep—healthy individuals 11 352.6 535
Sleep—Ironman Sleep—elite athletes 9 85.9 93