Figure 2.
(A) Stereomicroscope images of the intermediate and surface structures of the 3D-printed scaffolds. (B) Release behavior of CTGF and TGF-β3 in the IVD scaffolds. (C) Expression of the type I collagen and aggrecan genes after inducing differentiation in different groups. (D) Histological staining of the intermediate layers of three IVD scaffolds with AB and PR dyes. Magnified images at low and high magnification. AB and PR dyes specifically stained GAG (blue) and type I collagen (red), respectively. Reproduced with permission from (42). *Indicates significant difference at a 99 %confidence level.