Table 2.

Outcomes of linear mixed-effects modeling with Satterthwaite’s approximation for small sample size, examining the influence of locomotion Mode and Surface on the Hurst exponent, Ĥ, estimated using DFA for stride interval time series of length N = 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 983.

	Mean Sq	Sum Sq	DF	F	P *
N = 32
Mode	0.144	0.144	1,32	3.960	0.055
Surface	0.276	0.276	1,32	7.584	0.009
Mode × Surface	0.148	0.148	1,32	4.053	0.053
N = 64
Mode	0.284	0.284	1,24	11.346	0.003
Surface	0.254	0.254	1,24	10.140	0.004
Mode × Surface	0.111	0.111	1,24	4.447	0.046
N = 128
Mode	0.200	0.200	1,24	9.280	0.006
Surface	0.159	0.159	1,24	7.385	0.012
Mode × Surface	0.091	0.091	1,24	4.230	0.051
N = 256
Mode	0.060	0.060	1,24	1.958	0.174
Surface	0.127	0.127	1,24	4.129	0.053
Mode × Surface	0.002	0.002	1,24	0.077	0.784
N = 512
Mode	0.148	0.148	1,32	6.754	0.014
Surface	0.076	0.076	1,32	3.442	0.073
Mode × Surface	0.017	0.017	1,32	0.758	0.391
N = 983
Mode	0.161	0.161	1,24	12.951	0.001
Surface	0.062	0.062	1,24	4.960	0.036
Mode × Surface	0.009	0.009	1,24	0.714	0.406

^*Boldfaced values indicate significant differences at the two-tailed alpha of 0.05.