Table 5.
Multilevel logistic regression models for individual and community correlates of intention to use contraceptives: based on 2010–2018 DHS
| Variables | Intention to use contraceptive | Model 1 AOR (95% CI) | Model 2 AOR (95% CI) |
Model 3 AOR (95% CI) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes n (%) | No n (%) | |||||||||
| Individual level factors | ||||||||||
| Age in years | ||||||||||
| 15–24 | 21,016(44.32) | 26,400(55.68) | 3.50(3.38,3.63) | 3.72(3.58,3.86)* | ||||||
| 25–34 | 31,184(44.33) | 39,168(55.67) | 2.70(2.63,2.77) | 2.81(2.74,2.89)* | ||||||
| 35–49 | 15,163(24.81) | 45,944(75.19) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Educational status of the women | ||||||||||
| No formal education | 35,868(33.33) | 71.737(66.67) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Primary education | 15,033(41.22) | 21,433(58.78) | 1.20(1.16,1.23) | 1.16(1.13,1.20)* | ||||||
| Secondary and higher | 16,463(47.30) | 18,341(52.70) | 1.34(1.29,1.39) | 1.32(1.27,1.37)* | ||||||
| Educational status of husband | ||||||||||
| No formal education | 32,431(33.53) | 64,290(66.47) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Primary education | 12,817(41.82) | 17,829(58.18) | 1.25(1.21,1.29) | 1.02(0.97,1.05) | ||||||
| Secondary and higher | 22,066(42.98) | 29,277(57.02) | 1.05(1.02,1.08) | 1.01(0.98,1.04) | ||||||
| Wealth index | ||||||||||
| Poor | 26,615(34.11) | 51,409(65.89) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Middle | 14,491(38.86) | 22,800(61.14) | 1.09(1.06,1.13) | 1.15(1.12,1.18)* | ||||||
| Rich | 26,258(41.31) | 37,302(56.69) | 1.08(1.05,1.11) | 1.28(1.24,1.32)* | ||||||
| Ideal number of children | ||||||||||
| < 4 | 10,306(35.83) | 18,458(64.17) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥ 4 | 57,058(38.01) | 93,053(61.99) | 1.10(1.07,1.13) | 1.03(0.98,1.06) | ||||||
| Number of living children | ||||||||||
| None | 5854(36.87) | 10,025(63.13) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1–2 | 23,777(43.12) | 31,362(56.88) | 1.41(1.35,1.47) | 1.42(1.37,1.48)* | ||||||
| ≥ 3 | 37,732(34.98) | 70,124(65.02) | 1.74(1.67,1.82) | 1.77(1.69,1.85)* | ||||||
| Age at cohabitations (Years) | ||||||||||
| < 18 | 36,629(34.87) | 68,402(65.13) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥ 18 | 3734(41.62) | 43,110(58.38) | 1.39(1.36,1.42) | 1.37(1.33,1.40)* | ||||||
| Media exposure | ||||||||||
| No | 23,176(30.80) | 52,072(69.20) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 44,042(42.74) | 59,002(57.26) | 1.63(1.59,1.66) | 1.47(1.43,1.50)* | ||||||
| Ever terminated pregnancy | ||||||||||
| No | 56,675(37.39) | 94,913(62.61) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 10,677(39.22) | 16,547(60.78) | 1.17(1.13,1.20) | 1.13(1.09,1.17) | ||||||
| Survey year | ||||||||||
| 2010–2013 | 20,661(51.98) | 19,091(48.02) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 2014–2015 | 15,736(26.51) | 43,628(73.49) | 0.25(0.24, 0.26) | 0.23(0.22, 0.24)* | ||||||
| 2016–2018 | 30,967(38.82) | 48,793(61.18) | 0.48(0.77, 0.88) | 0.45(0.44, 0.46)* | ||||||
| Community level media exposure | ||||||||||
| Low | 31,765(35.50) | 57,712(64.50) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| High | 3599(39.82) | 53,799(60.18) | 1.06(0.97,1.14) | 0.92(0.85,1.02) | ||||||
| Community level education | ||||||||||
| Low | 30,279(35.09) | 56,017(64.91) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| High | 37,085(40.06) | 55,494(59.94) | 1.17(1.08,1.26) | 1.03(0.94,1.12) | ||||||
| Distance to the health facility | ||||||||||
| Big problem | 22,597(36.08) | 40,035(63.92) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Not .Big problem | 41,525(41.44) | 58,672(58.56) | 1.22(1.19,1.25) | 1.16(1.13,1.19)* | ||||||
| Place of residence | ||||||||||
| Urban | 19,158(40.57) | 28,064(59.43) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Rural | 48,206(36.52) | 83,447(63.38) | 0.98(0.95,1.02) | 1.04(0.95,1.14) | ||||||
| Random effect results | Null model | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
| ICC | 9.86 | 9.32 | 9.13 | 8.75 | ||||||
| Variance (%) | 36.0 | 33.81 | 33.1 | 31.55 | ||||||
| MOR | 1.77 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.71 | ||||||
| PCV | Ref | 6.08 | 8.06 | 12.36 | ||||||
| Model fitness | ||||||||||
| Deviance(-2LL) | 231053.42 | 217969.38 | 212388.66 | 201052.7 | ||||||
* Statistically significant at p-value < 0.05, AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio, COR: Crude Odds Ratio, Null model: without any determinant variables, Model 1: adjusted for individual-level variables, Model 2: adjusted for community-level variables, Model 3: adjusted for both individual and community-level variables, ICC: Intra class correlation, MOR: Median odds ratio, PCV: Proportional change in variance