Table 2.
Characteristics of study population and prevalence of current asthma and allergy by characteristics, 2016–2018
| All children (aged 0–17 years) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Prevalence of selected health conditions | |||||||
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| Characteristics of study population | Current asthma | Any allergy | Respiratory allergy | Skin allergy | Food allergy | ||
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| Characteristics | Sample size n | % (95% CI) |
Prev, % (95% CI) |
Prev, % (95% CI) |
Prev, % (95% CI) |
Prev, % (95% CI) |
Prev, % (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Total | 28 221 | — | 8.1 (7.7, 8.6) |
26.4 (25.7, 27.2) |
14.7 (14.1, 15.3) |
12.7 (12.2, 13.3) |
6.4 (6.0, 6.7) |
| Age group (years) | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p = 0.91 | ||
| 0–4 | 7621 | 26.9 (26.2, 27.6) |
4.0 (3.5, 4.7) |
23.1 (21.9, 24.3) |
7.9 (7.2, 8.7) |
14.3 (13.4, 15.3) |
6.3 (5.6, 7.0) |
| 5–11 | 10 299 | 39.4 (38.6, 40.1) |
8.8 (8.1, 9.6) |
26.8 (25.7, 27.9) |
15.6 (14.7, 16.6) |
13.1 (12.3, 13.9) |
6.5 (5.9, 7.0) |
| 12–17 | 10 301 | 33.7 (33.0, 34.4) |
10.5 (9.7, 11.4) |
28.6 (27.5, 29.8) |
19.0 (18.0, 20.0) |
11.0 (10.3, 11.8) |
6.4 (5.8, 7.0) |
| Sex | p < 0.001* | p = 0.03* | p < 0.001* | p = 0.12 | p = 0.60 | ||
| Male | 14 688 | 51.0 (50.3, 51.7) |
9.0 (8.4, 9.7) |
27.1 (26.2, 28.1) |
16.3 (15.6, 17.1) |
12.3 (11.6, 13.1) |
6.5 (6.0, 7.0) |
| Female | 13 533 | 49.0 (48.3, 49.7) |
7.1 (6.6, 7.7) |
25.7 (24.6, 26.8) |
13.0 (12.2, 13.8) |
13.1 (12.4, 13.9) |
6.3 (5.7, 6.8) |
| Race (non-Hispanic) and ethnicity | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p = 0.002* | ||
| White | 15 436 | 51.3 (49.6, 53.0) |
6.8 (6.3, 7.4) |
27.7 (26.7, 28.6) |
16.4 (15.6, 17.2) |
12.1 (11.5, 12.8) |
6.7 (6.2, 7.2) |
| Black | 3244 | 13.4 (12.4, 14.4) |
14.2 (12.8, 15.8) |
29.6 (27.6, 31.6) |
14.0 (12.6, 15.6) |
18.0 (16.4, 19.8) |
6.3 (5.3, 7.5) |
| AI/AN | 299 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.4) |
10.2 (5.6, 17.6) |
15.7 (11.1, 21.7) |
8.0 (4.9, 12.8) |
5.6 (3.4, 9.1) |
4.9† (2.7, 8.9) |
| Asian | 1556 | 5.1 (4.6, 5.6) |
3.8 (3.0, 5.0) |
21.6 (19.3, 24.1) |
10.9 (9.2, 12.7) |
11.2 (9.4, 13.3) |
6.0 (4.8, 7.5) |
| Multiple | 1336 | 4.2 (3.8, 4.6) |
13.0 (10.9, 15.5) |
34.7 (31.4, 38.2) |
20.7 (18.0, 23.7) |
18.5 (16.0, 21.4) |
9.7 (7.8, 12.1) |
| Hispanic | 6265 | 25.2 (23.5, 27.0) |
7.5 (6.6, 8.4) |
22.3 (21.0, 23.6) |
11.6 (10.5, 12.7) |
10.8 (9.8, 11.8) |
5.3 (4.6, 6.1) |
| p = 0.002* | p = 0.01* | p = 0.51 | p = 0.003* | p = 0.21 | |||
| Puerto Rican | 606 | 9.1 (7.7, 10.7) |
13.6 (10.3, 17.8) |
27.5 (23.4, 31.9) |
12.6 (9.4, 16.8) |
15.3 (12.1, 19.1) |
6.3 (4.1, 9.5) |
| Mexican | 3943 | 64.5 (61.4, 67.5) |
6.6 (5.7, 7.6) |
21.0 (19.4, 22.8) |
11.1 (9.8, 12.5) |
9.6 (8.5, 10.9) |
4.8 (4.0, 5.8) |
| Other Hispanic | 1716 | 26.4 (23.9, 29.0) |
7.6 (6.0, 9.5) |
23.4 (20.8, 26.3) |
12.4 (10.4, 14.6) |
12.0 (10.1, 14.1) |
6.1 (4.8, 7.8) |
| Ratio of family income to federal poverty threshold | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p < 0.001* | p = 0.48 | p < 0.001* | ||
| <100% FPL | 4359 | 18.5 (17.6, 19.5) |
10.6 (9.3, 11.9) |
25.2 (23.5, 26.9) |
13.6 (12.3, 15.0) |
13.5 (12.2, 15.0) |
5.8 (4.9, 6.8) |
| 100% to <250% FPL | 8452 | 31.4 (30.4, 32.4) |
8.8 (8.1, 9.7) |
24.4 (23.1, 25.7) |
13.0 (12.1, 13.9) |
12.4 (11.4, 13.4) |
5.8 (5.2, 6.4) |
| 250% to <450% FPL | 7474 | 24.9 (24.1, 25.6) |
7.2 (6.4, 8.0) |
26.6 (25.3, 28.0) |
15.3 (14.2, 16.4) |
12.4 (11.5, 13.4) |
6.1 (5.5, 6.9) |
| ≥450% FPL | 7937 | 25.2 (24.0, 26.5) |
6.3 (5.7, 7.0) |
29.7 (28.4, 31.0) |
17.0 (16.0, 18.1) |
12.9 (12.0, 13.9) |
7.8 (7.0, 8.6) |
| U.S. Census region | p = 0.01* | p = 0.46 | p = 0.35 | p = 0.44 | p = 0.20 | ||
| Northeast | 4469 | 17.1 (15.5, 18.8) |
9.1 (7.8, 10.7) |
25.5 (23.7, 27.5) |
13.8 (12.3, 15.4) |
11.9 (10.6, 13.3) |
7.0 (6.0, 8.2) |
| Midwest | 6043 | 21.2 (19.8, 22.6) |
8.0 (7.2, 8.8) |
25.9 (24.2, 27.6) |
14.4 (13.1, 15.8) |
12.4 (11.3, 13.5) |
5.8 (5.2, 6.6) |
| South | 10 414 | 37.4 (35.1, 39.8) |
8.5 (7.8, 9.2) |
27.1 (25.9, 28.3) |
15.3 (14.4, 16.4) |
13.0 (12.1, 13.9) |
6.2 (5.6, 6.8) |
| West | 7295 | 24.3 (22.2, 26.6) |
6.9 (6.2, 7.7) |
26.5 (25.0, 28.0) |
14.5 (13.5, 15.6) |
13.2 (12.1, 14.4) |
6.7 (6.0, 7.5) |
AI/AN, American Indian or Alaska Native; CI, confidence interval; FPL, federal poverty level; Prev, prevalence.
*
Statistically significant.
†
Relative standard error ≥30% indicates unreliable estimate.