Table 2.
Logistic Regression Analysis of the TyG Index and Other Risk Factor for the Prevalence of DR
| Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 (HbA1C<7) | Model 3 (HbA1C≥7) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| TyG Index | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | <0.001 | 1.7 (1.4–1.9) | <0.001 | 2.0 (1.1–3.8) | 0.03 | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.5 |
| Age | NM | NM | 1.01 (1.0–1.02) | 0.06 | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 0.7 | 0.9 (0.9–0.99) | 0.008 |
| Gender (Male) | NM | NM | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.07 | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 0.4 | 1.03 (0.8–1.4) | 0.8 |
| Ethnicity | NM | NM | ||||||
| Chinese | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Malay | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 0.01 | 1.7 (0.7–4.0) | 0.2 | 1.9 (1.3–2.9) | 0.001 | ||
| Indian | 1.3 (1.001–1.8) | 0.05 | 1.7 (0.8–3.8) | 0.2 | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) | 0.006 | ||
| Others | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 0.9 | 0.0 (0–0) | 0.9 | 1.4 (0.7–3.0) | 0.3 | ||
| Duration of Type 2 Diabetes | NM | NM | NM | NM | 1.1 (1.1–1.02) | 0.002 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) | <0.001 |
| BMI | NM | NM | NM | NM | 0.9 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 0.9 |
| eGFR | NM | NM | NM | NM | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 0.5 | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 0.04 |
| uACR | NM | NM | NM | NM | 1.001(1–1.002) | 0.001 | 1.001(1–1.001) | 0.001 |
| SBP | NM | NM | NM | NM | 1.01 (0.9–1.03) | 0.3 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | <0.001 |
| Waist–Hip Ratio | NM | NM | NM | NM | 0.00 (0.00–0.04) | 0.006 | 0.1 (0.01–2.5) | 0.2 |
Notes: Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity; Model 3: adjusted for type 2 diabetes duration, BMI, eGFR, uACR, SBP and Waist–Hip ratio (stratified by HbA1c cut-off level 7.0%).
Abbreviation: NM, not measurable.