TABLE 1.

Cytokines and chemokines induced by viral proteins

Virus	Viral protein	Induced cytokines and chemokines	References
HSV	gD	TNF-α, IFN-α/β	8; Paludan, unpublished
CMV	gB	IL-1β, IL-6	38, 266
EBV	gp350	IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, GM-CSF, MIP-1α	60, 61, 158, 204, 205, 233
	LMP-1	IL-6, IL-8, IL-10	68, 175
	EBNA2	IFN-α/β	117
Influenza virus	NA	IL-1α, IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-α/β	9, 44, 104, 105, 223
HBV	HBx	IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α	138, 142, 153
	HBsAg	IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ	106, 140
	HBc/eAg	IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ	106, 242
HIV	gp120	IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α, IFN-α/β, IFN-γ	5, 7, 36, 73, 190, 220
	Tat	IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, TNF-α, MCP-1	39, 100, 145, 177, 216, 252
	Nef	IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α, IFN-γ	29, 63, 199
	Vpr	IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ	209
HTLV-1	Tax	IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3 IL-5, IL-8, IL-15, TGF-β1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, MIP-1α/β, IP-10, 1309, SCM-1	14, 55, 77, 109, 122