Table 5.
Logistic regression analysis of the association between social support (Wave 1 2019/Wave 2 2020) and major depression/anxiety (Wave 2 2020)
| Major depression | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (%) |
Yes (%) |
Adjusted OR (95 % CI) |
p-value |
Weighted Adjusted OR (95 % CI) |
p-value |
|
| n = 342 | ||||||
| Social support wave 1 mean (SD)(1) | 18.03 (6.50) | 17.99 (6.42) | 1.00 [0.97, 1.04] | 0.813 | 1.01 [0.97,1.04] | 0.642 |
| Categorised | ||||||
| Low | 87 (56.1 %) | 68 (43.9 %) | Reference group | – | Reference group | – |
| Medium | 64 (56.1 %) | 50 (43.9 %) | 1.17 [0.71,1.95] | 0.539 | 1.29 [0.77,2.18] | 0.335 |
| High | 44 (55.0 %) | 36 (45.0 %) | 1.03 [0.58,1.83] | 0.915 | 1.09 [0.60,1.96] | 0.781 |
| Total | 195 (55.9 %) | 154 (44.1 %) | ||||
| n = 340 | ||||||
| Social support wave 2 mean (SD) (2) | 19.90 (6.46) | 16.73 (5.73) | 0.89 [0.85, 0.94] | <0.001 | 0.90 [0.85, 0.94] | <0.001 |
| Categorised | ||||||
| Low | 78 (45.6 %) | 93 (54.3 %) | Reference group | – | Reference group | – |
| Medium | 79 (53.7 %) | 68 (46.3 %) | 0.61 [0.35,1.05] | 0.076 | 0.63 [0.36,1.11] | 0.111 |
| High | 78 (78.0 %) | 22 (22.0 %) | 0.15 [0.06,0.34] | <0.001 | 0.18 [0.07,0.43] | <0.001 |
| Total | 235 (56.2 %) | 183 (43.8 %) | ||||
| Anxiety | ||||||
| n = 342 | ||||||
| Social support wave 1 mean (SD)(3) | 18.02 (6.43) | 18.00 (6.52) | 1.01 [0.97, 1.04] | 0.775 | 1.00 [0.97,1.04] | 0.892 |
| Categorised | ||||||
| Low | 81 (52.3 %) | 74 (47.7 %) | Reference group | – | Reference group | – |
| Medium | 62 (54.4 %) | 52 (45.6 %) | 1.01 [0.60,1.70] | 0.962 | 1.00 [0.58,1.72] | 0.996 |
| High | 44 (55.0 %) | 36 (45.0 %) | 0.91 [0.51,1.63] | 0.747 | 0.91 [0.51,1.63] | 0.743 |
| Total | 187 (53.6 %) | 162 (46.4 %) | ||||
| n = 340 | ||||||
| Social support wave 2 mean (SD)(4) | 19.78 (6.31) | 17.01 (6.07) | 0.91 [0.86, 0.95] | <0.001 | 0.91 [0.87,0.96] | 0.001 |
| Categorised | ||||||
| Low | 78 (45.6 %) | 93 (54.4 %) | Reference group | – | Reference group | – |
| Medium | 77 (52.4 %) | 70 (47.6 %) | 0.70 [0.40,1.21] | 0.196 | 0.69 [0.39,1.21] | 0.190 |
| High | 72 (72.0 %) | 28 (28.0 %) | 0.28 [0.13,0.62] | 0.002 | 0.34 [0.14,0.79] | 0.012 |
| Total | 227 (54.3 %) | 191 (45.7 %) | ||||
(1) After adjusting for age, gender, financial difficulties, Wave 1 depression presence.
(2) After adjusting for age, gender, current living status, current living country, Wave 1 social support level, Wave 1 depression presence.
(3) After adjusting for age, gender, financial difficulties, Wave 1 anxiety presence.
(4) After adjusting for age, gender, current living status, current living country, Wave 1 social support level, Wave 1 anxiety presence.