Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Feb 6;14:643. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36314-5

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — Heatmaps (a–c) showing the differences in cytokine levels, as measured by multiplex assay, in murine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), plasma, and lung homogenate (mean-normalized values shown, with yellow indicating high values and blue indicating low values). Cytokine values were compared to the vehicle/Bleo group using a one-way ANOVA (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005; ****P < 0.0001). ns: not significant. TGF-β1 ELISA (d) conducted on murine BALF, plasma, and lung homogenate revealed significantly decreased TGF-β1 levels in all three murine sample types with values compared to the vehicle/Bleo group using a one-way ANOVA: Bleo vs Bleo+TH (BALF: P = 0.0022; plasma: P < 0.0001, Lung homogenate: P = 0.0001). Data are presented as means ± SEM (d–g). Murine albumin content (e) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (f) were measured in BALF samples as markers for lung damage and plasma leakage, with TH5487 treatment significantly decreasing both albumin content (P < 0.0001) and LDH levels in the BALF (P = 0.0022) compared to the vehicle/Bleo group. g Murine lung collagen content was measured using a hydroxyproline assay with TH5487 significantly reducing collagen levels (P < 0.0001) compared to Bleo control lungs (d–g: (Bleo n = 14, Bleo/TH n = 13, Bleo/Dex n = 8, Vehicle n = 8, TH only n = 8, Bleo/Pirf n = 8, Bleo/Nin n = 8). h–j qRT-PCR arrays specific for mouse fibrotic genes were used to analyze murine lung samples (n = 5 pooled samples) following treatment using TH5487 (TH), nintedanib (Nin), and pirfenidone (Pirf). Source data are provided as a Source data file.