Table 4.
Follow-up results in 58 patients with a minimum follow-up of six months
| Variable | Group A | Group B | Group C | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 27 (100) | 11 (100) | 20 (100) | |
| Age (yr) | 67.1±6.1 | 66.9±7.2 | 69.1±9.3 | 0.604 |
| Alcohol abuse | 19 (70.4) | 7 (63.6) | 10 (50.0) | 0.330 |
| Tobacco abuse | 19 (70.4) | 5 (45.5) | 10 (50.0) | 0.553 |
| Alcohol and tobacco | 12 (44.4) | 4 (36.4) | 8 (40.0) | 0.713 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Charlson comorbidity index | 5.3±1.4 | 4.7±1.3 | 5.1±1.4 | 0.383 |
| Previous SCC (ENT or esophageal) | 5 (18.5) | 2 (18.2) | 8 (40.0) | 0.237 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 7 (25.9) | 0 (0) | 4 (20.0) | 0.164 |
| Cardiovascular (ischemic heart disease, arterial obstructive disease) | 11 (40.7) | 3 (27.2) | 3 (15.0) | 0.158 |
| COPD | 4 (14.8) | 2 (18.2) | 5 (25.0) | 0.688 |
| ESD | ||||
| R0 resection | 26 (96.3) | 11 (100) | 19 (95.0) | 1.000 |
| Folllow-up after ESD | ||||
| Additional treatment after ESD | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 10 (50.0) | <0.001 |
| Metachronous ESCC | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Local recurrence | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (20.0) | 0.030 |
| Distant recurrence | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 3 (15.0) | 0.085 |
| Death | 10 (37.0) | 7 (63.6) | 12 (60.0) | 0.180 |
| Cause of death | ||||
| ESCC | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 4 (20.0) | |
| Other cancer | 4 (14.8) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (10.0) | |
| Cardiovascular | 1 (3.7) | 2 (18.2) | 4 (20.0) | |
| Pulmonary | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (10.0) | |
| Hepatic | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 3 (11.1) | 1 (9.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Survival | ||||
| Overall survival at 2 yr (95% CI) | 82.7 (68.6–99.8) | 81.8 (61.9–100) | 56.1 (36.0–87.4) | |
| Overall survival at 5 yr (95% CI) | 61.5 (43.4–87.1) | 63.6 (40.7–99.5) | 28.1 (11.2–70.1) | |
| Follow-up duration (yr) | 3.9±3.1 | 5.8±3.5 | 2.5±2.2 | 0.016 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.
SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; ENT, ear, nose, throat; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; CI, confidence interval.