Table 1.
Potential therapeutic options for uremic pruritus
| Topical treatments |
| Moisturizer |
| Steroids |
| Capsaicin |
| Calcineurin inhibitors |
| Pramoxine |
| Gamma-linolenic acid |
| Cannabinoids |
| Treatment of underlying disease |
| Optimization of dialysis dosage and modality |
| Control of hyperparathyroidism |
| Kidney transplantation |
| Phototherapy |
| Systemic treatments |
| Gabapentinoids |
| Gabapentin |
| Pregabalin |
| Opioid antagonists and agonists |
| µ-opioid receptor antagonist |
| κ-opioid receptor agonist |
| Peripherally selective κ-opioid receptor agonist |
| Mixed µ-opioid antagonist and κ-opioid agonist |
| Antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, and leukotriene receptor antagonists |
| Oral activated charcoal |
| Cholestyramine |
| Biologics |
| Nemolizumab |
| Dupilumab |
| Thalidomide |
| Sertraline |