Table 1.

Health Belief Model Construct Definitions

Behavioral theory	Construct	Brief definition
Health Belief Model	Perceived susceptibility	Beliefs regarding the chance of getting SARs-CoV-2 (i.e., virus that causes COVID-19)
	Perceived severity	Beliefs regarding how serious the consequences of COVID-19
	Perceived benefits	Beliefs regarding the efficacy of face masks and physical distance to reduce the risk or seriousness of COVID-19
	Perceived barriers	Beliefs regarding the tangible and psychological costs of wearing facemask and physical distancing
	Cues to action	Strategies to activate an individual’s readiness for face mask use and physical distancing to reduce the risk of COVID-19
	Self-efficacy	An individual’s confidence in their ability to wear face mask and practice physical distancing to overcome barriers to reduce the risk of COVID-19

Source: Adapted from Glanz et al. (2008).