Table 3.
Comparison of PSNR for COVID, NORMAL cases images
| K | AO | WOA | SSA | RSA-SSA | RSA | MPA | PSO | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-1 | 2 | MEAN | 15.99636 | 13.3542 | 13.62139 | 15.14325 | 14.72392 | 14.52838 | 13.05388 |
| STD | 0.457807 | 2.879741 | 0.812893 | 0.749422 | 1.631453 | 1.673632 | 2.029729 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 15.72325 | 14.98874 | 15.67748 | 15.71619 | 14.23023 | 13.94943 | 15.28932 | |
| STD | 0.495808 | 0.921241 | 1.989558 | 1.363071 | 2.637373 | 1.214327 | 0.895679 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 15.19492 | 16.37215 | 15.97784 | 15.04494 | 15.0158 | 15.72654 | 16.09853 | |
| STD | 0.46831 | 0.722467 | 1.623999 | 1.678525 | 1.901651 | 1.567743 | 2.587032 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 16.54481 | 15.90312 | 15.12889 | 16.76509 | 16.44464 | 15.85798 | 16.77462 | |
| STD | 1.204432 | 0.038961 | 0.329087 | 1.181614 | 2.838713 | 2.173416 | 1.481966 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 18.28938 | 19.67572 | 18.86296 | 19.66328 | 19.26783 | 19.64373 | 18.07998 | |
| STD | 1.275444 | 0.94462 | 2.296606 | 0.666739 | 1.238636 | 1.033956 | 0.754216 | ||
| COVID-2 | 2 | MEAN | 13.8528 | 10.73882 | 12.54894 | 13.69693 | 12.29714 | 13.4655 | 13.62295 |
| STD | 1.496287 | 1.366289 | 0.476997 | 0.242637 | 1.038113 | 1.055034 | 1.208031 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 14.80407 | 14.23211 | 14.14794 | 14.98948 | 15.20345 | 13.91394 | 13.86499 | |
| STD | 1.583597 | 0.634901 | 2.904722 | 1.510022 | 1.901503 | 1.308217 | 1.412318 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 14.53891 | 16.79614 | 14.21837 | 16.70445 | 16.6797 | 16.73104 | 15.00825 | |
| STD | 1.354547 | 1.131132 | 1.439741 | 0.90755 | 1.039551 | 1.303573 | 1.218771 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 16.165 | 16.43886 | 14.73026 | 16.19848 | 16.3406 | 16.94531 | 16.38499 | |
| STD | 2.742593 | 2.081787 | 0.719713 | 1.894364 | 1.553394 | 0.760369 | 0.378739 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 17.21162 | 18.17566 | 17.41433 | 18.82411 | 18.58039 | 18.90498 | 16.0777 | |
| STD | 1.564371 | 1.306123 | 1.135714 | 3.055779 | 1.001871 | 1.209981 | 3.618802 | ||
| COVID-3 | 2 | MEAN | 11.16933 | 10.83157 | 13.62884 | 13.2988 | 13.44292 | 13.65758 | 13.38808 |
| STD | 2.423073 | 1.894036 | 1.82483 | 1.966076 | 0.399431 | 2.046013 | 2.060039 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 14.51449 | 14.58047 | 15.36989 | 14.33983 | 9.564635 | 13.0029 | 14.58103 | |
| STD | 2.245033 | 0.743261 | 2.143962 | 3.068949 | 1.48891 | 1.104968 | 1.434026 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 12.26771 | 13.33694 | 14.83319 | 16.27265 | 15.88782 | 14.39665 | 16.21477 | |
| STD | 5.378315 | 1.03325 | 1.313469 | 0.990431 | 0.49478 | 3.322576 | 2.463693 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 16.92287 | 16.55397 | 15.69802 | 18.9417 | 17.38048 | 18.89579 | 16.25714 | |
| STD | 2.17281 | 0.595055 | 4.706241 | 2.841534 | 3.999957 | 0.458308 | 1.322994 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 19.66963 | 17.27966 | 17.61387 | 19.93219 | 16.1862 | 17.99446 | 16.34047 | |
| STD | 0.207749 | 2.820685 | 3.020165 | 3.267133 | 2.373307 | 0.647447 | 3.535097 | ||
| NORMAL-1 | 2 | MEAN | 12.41414 | 13.20414 | 13.3123 | 13.63814 | 12.82645 | 13.45965 | 12.31845 |
| STD | 1.680167 | 0.367283 | 0.446509 | 0.739487 | 1.176126 | 0.783467 | 0.975626 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 12.8001 | 13.70984 | 13.49773 | 13.5575 | 12.57109 | 13.53202 | 13.6597 | |
| STD | 0.488647 | 1.151328 | 1.183424 | 0.329 | 1.186902 | 0.254708 | 0.687869 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 15.56469 | 16.81564 | 15.85846 | 16.73248 | 16.22043 | 16.70589 | 15.2646 | |
| STD | 1.06833 | 0.572113 | 0.25025 | 1.715065 | 1.773017 | 0.641843 | 1.405736 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 17.53325 | 16.5834 | 17.17805 | 17.52708 | 16.83676 | 15.74463 | 17.49363 | |
| STD | 1.051604 | 0.62701 | 0.81215 | 1.218011 | 0.363412 | 2.034782 | 1.371984 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 17.66664 | 17.96638 | 17.39476 | 17.93091 | 16.7057 | 17.83272 | 16.94448 | |
| STD | 0.420154 | 0.821384 | 0.978986 | 0.209366 | 4.475576 | 1.238946 | 0.542374 | ||
| NORMAL-2 | 2 | MEAN | 12.9072 | 10.79158 | 10.38172 | 12.13743 | 13.80757 | 12.8793 | 11.77823 |
| STD | 1.361359 | 1.587784 | 2.577119 | 2.73055 | 1.030454 | 2.083797 | 1.065328 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 13.13795 | 14.5805 | 13.57049 | 15.49957 | 14.69812 | 15.50122 | 11.78228 | |
| STD | 1.35674 | 0.882141 | 1.143955 | 1.740162 | 0.467485 | 1.854953 | 1.787442 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 13.68826 | 15.74899 | 14.15722 | 14.53005 | 14.17531 | 13.91692 | 13.78059 | |
| STD | 0.843746 | 0.798077 | 0.315345 | 1.40499 | 2.915623 | 3.24002 | 2.866384 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 15.42665 | 15.33481 | 15.90974 | 16.49487 | 15.7174 | 14.87574 | 15.65947 | |
| STD | 2.277014 | 0.440318 | 1.399815 | 1.471268 | 1.511312 | 0.533327 | 0.369938 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 17.83979 | 17.92491 | 17.5945 | 17.69739 | 16.11937 | 13.98299 | 14.5756 | |
| STD | 1.339437 | 0.432668 | 2.802622 | 0.455714 | 2.988868 | 3.624765 | 2.384023 | ||
| NORMAL-3 | 2 | MEAN | 14.42355 | 12.84311 | 14.35452 | 14.14685 | 12.93748 | 12.12876 | 14.5101 |
| STD | 0.738135 | 0.794227 | 0.287968 | 0.672658 | 1.209149 | 2.750113 | 0.46632 | ||
| 3 | MEAN | 15.42658 | 12.89072 | 15.01992 | 15.64615 | 14.82943 | 15.18174 | 14.93892 | |
| STD | 0.860717 | 0.887621 | 2.062571 | 1.24102 | 0.906443 | 0.800181 | 1.654095 | ||
| 4 | MEAN | 17.04607 | 17.28479 | 16.01375 | 16.50957 | 16.10153 | 16.86906 | 15.16286 | |
| STD | 2.543886 | 0.364581 | 1.267257 | 1.242821 | 1.077229 | 1.999883 | 2.028429 | ||
| 5 | MEAN | 17.05958 | 17.4702 | 18.02356 | 18.8066 | 17.19482 | 18.76523 | 18.93854 | |
| STD | 0.848082 | 0.970442 | 1.067506 | 1.323133 | 1.095208 | 1.032608 | 2.1991 | ||
| 6 | MEAN | 16.56732 | 18.3278 | 17.29078 | 18.43022 | 17.67516 | 18.47673 | 18.52612 | |
| STD | 0.761405 | 1.595749 | 0.4339 | 0.695685 | 1.428555 | 0.030226 | 1.08701 | ||
| Mean | 15.02604 | 15.03353 | 15.16173 | 15.98876 | 15.09539 | 15.26292 | 15.09392 | ||
| Ranking | 7 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 |