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. 2023 Jan 24;14:1072216. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1072216

Table 2.

PERMANOVA analysis of soil treatment effects on bacterial and fungal community composition structure based on weighted uniFrac distance.

Source of variation df 16S ITS
F. Model R2 F. Model R2
Soil amendment 2 8.62 0.45*** 19.66 0.69***
Sampling time 1 2.83 0.07** 1.80 0.03
Soil amendment*Sampling time 2 2.98 0.16*** 2.10 0.07
Residuals 12 0.32 0.21
Total 17 1.0 1.0

PERMANOVA: Permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Sampling time includes 0DAT (immediately before ginseng transplanting) and 90DAT (90 days after ginseng transplanting). df: degree of freedom. 16S: bacterial community based on the V4-V5 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. ITS: fungal community based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region.

*p ≤0.05; **p ≤0.01; ***p ≤0.001.