Table 1.

Association between demographic variables and knowledge of self-tests (M ± SD).

Variables	N (%)	Total score (range 0–21)	Sample collection (range 0–6)	Test performance (range 0–4)	Results interpretation (range 0–3)	Kit storage (range 0–4)	Waste management (range 0–2)	Results reports (range 0–2)
Overall	283 (100.0)	14.33 ± 2.85	3.47 ± 1.20	2.24 ± 0.74	2.09 ± 0.82	3.05 ± 1.00	1.83 ± 0.43	1.64 ± 0.58
Sex
Male	117 (41.3)	13.60 ± 3.15	3.24 ± 1.14	2.10 ± 0.82	1.95 ± 0.86	2.88 ± 1.12	1.82 ± 0.48	1.61 ± 0.66
Female	166 (58.7)	14.84 ± 2.51	3.63 ± 1.21	2.34 ± 0.67	2.19 ± 0.79	3.16 ± 0.88	1.84 ± 0.40	1.67 ± 0.52
P		0.001**	0.006**	0.009**	0.016*	0.024*	0.664	0.397
Age (years)
18–29	101 (35.7)	13.92 ± 3.28.	3.58 ± 1.20	2.26 ± 0.73	2.04 ± 0.92	2.85 ± 1.02	1.73 ± 0.55	1.46 ± 0.70
30–39	63 (22.3)	14.60 ± 2.62	3.48 ± 1.16	2.14 ± 0.86	2.26 ± 0.73	3.06 ± 0.97	1.94 ± 0.25	1.71 ± 0.49
40–49	103 (36.4)	14.60 ± 2.46	3.33 ± 1.17	2.25 ± 0.65	2.08 ± 0.77	3.26 ± 0.96	1.90 ± 0.33	1.77 ± 0.47
50–59	7 (2.5)	15.36 ± 4.23	3.86 ± 1.87	2.43 ± 1.27	2.50 ± 0.76	3.00 ± 1.15.	1.57 ± 0.79	2.00 ± 0.00
≥60	9 (3.2)	13.11 ± 1.39	3.44 ± 1.24	2.44 ± 0.53	1.33 ± 0.43	2.67 ± 0.87	1.67 ± 0.50	1.56 ± 0.53
P		0.193	0.550	0.685	0.014*	0.039*	0.003**	0.001**
Education
≤ High school	44 (15.5)	13.98 ± 2.75	3.20 ± 1.34	2.32 ± 0.56	1.91 ± 0.82	3.00 ± 0.99	1.84 ± 0.43	1.70 ± 0.59
≥Some college	239 (84.4)	14.39 ± 2.87	3.52 ± 1.17	2.23 ± 0.77	2.13 ± 0.82	3.05 ± 1.00	1.83 ± 0.43	1.63 ± 0.58
P		0.377	0.110	0.450	0.106	0.740	0.908	0.446
Marital status
Married	171 (60.4)	14.40 ± 2.65	3.35 ± 1.13	2.22 ± 0.77	2.11 ± 0.77	3.14 ± 0.98	1.86 ± 0.40	1.74 ± 0.49
Single	100 (35.3)	14.20 ± 3.06	3.62 ± 1.20	2.29 ± 0.70	2.10 ± 0.90	2.92 ± 1.00	1.77 ± 0.51	1.50 ± 0.67
Divorced/widowed	10 (3.5)	14.60 ± 3.68	4.10 ± 1.60	2.10 ± 0.74	1.90 ± 0.97	2.90 ± 1.10	2.00 ± 0.00	1.60 ± 0.70
Remarried	2 (0.7)	12.75 ± 6.72	3.50 ± 3.53	2.50 ± 0.71	1.75 ± 1.06	2.00 ± 1.41	2.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00
P		0.797	0.102	0.749	0.818	0.136	0.211	0.004**
Region
Urban	238 (84.1)	14.43 ± 2.79	3.50 ± 1.21	2.26 ± 0.75	2.11 ± 0.80	3.08 ± 0.97	1.85 ± 0.42	1.65 ± 0.57
Rural	45 (15.9)	13.78 ± 3.12	3.31 ± 1.13	2.16 ± 0.74	2.02 ± 0.97	2.89 ± 1.15	1.78 ± 0.52	1.62 ± 0.65
P		0.159	0.333	0.405	0.527	0.250	0.345	0.793
Social status
Living alone	25 (8.8)	12.74 ± 4.17	3.08 ± 1.15	2.20 ± 0.87	1.90 ± 1.08	2.64 ± 1.29	1.64 ± 0.70	1.28 ± 0.94
Living with others	258 (91.2)	14.48 ± 2.65	3.51 ± 1.20	2.24 ± 0.73	2.11 ± 0.80	3.09 ± 0.96	1.85 ± 0.40	1.68 ± 0.52
P		0.051	0.088	0.777	0.347	0.104	0.147	0.046*
Monthly family income
Under 10,000 yuan (1,400$)	53 (18.7)	14.13 ± 2.68	3.58 ± 1.22	2.28 ± 0.60	1.85 ± 0.82	2.91 ± 1.01	1.83 ± 0.38	1.68 ± 0.55
10,001–20,000 yuan (1,401–2,800$)	90 (31.8)	14.36 ± 2.76	3.47 ± 1.19	2.21 ± 0.68	2.17 ± 0.84	3.09 ± 0.92	1.86 ± 0.41	1.57 ± 0.64
20,001–50,000 yuan (2,801–7,000$)	86 (30.4)	14.62 ± 2.79	3.45 ± 1.14	2.28 ± 0.76	2.19 ± 0.79	3.19 ± 1.02	1.83 ± 0.47	1.69 ± 0.54
Above 50,000 yuan (7,000$)	54 (19.1)	14.00 ± 3.26	3.39 ± 1.30	2.19 ± 0.93	2.06 ± 0.83	2.89 ± 1.06	1.82 ± 0.48	1.67 ± 0.58
P		0.598	0.862	0.840	0.081	0.236	0.948	0.509
Source of self-test knowledge for the first time
Video	171 (60.4)	14.60 ± 2.61	3.53 ± 1.15	2.29 ± 0.72	2.06 ± 0.88	3.12 ± 0.90	1.88 ± 0.36	1.71 ± 0.53
Manufacturer instructions	95 (33.6)	14.23 ± 3.09	3.49 ± 1.26	2.23 ± 0.78	2.21 ± 0.71	2.96 ± 1.08	1.81 ± 0.49	1.53 ± 0.65
Relatives and friends	14 (4.9)	12.68 ± 2.60	2.64 ± 1.08	2.00 ± 0.56	1.68 ± 0.77	3.07 ± 1.00	1.50 ± 0.65	1.79 ± 0.43
Others	3 (1.1)	9.67 ± 3.79	3.00 ± 1.00	1.00 ± 0.00	2.00 ± 1.00	1.33 ± 2.31	1.33 ± 0.58	1.00 ± 1.00
P		0.002**	0.053	0.014*	0.138	0.013*	0.002**	0.014*

M, median; SD, standard deviation.

^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01.

Higher knowledge score indicates better knowledge.

Knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection and rapid diagnostic self-test, Shanghai, China, 2022.