Table 1.

First- and Second-Order Meta-Analyses With the Uncorrected (Naive) Overall Effect Sizes, Far Transfer Only

Population	k i	${\overline{g}}_i$	$S_{gi}^2$	${\tau }^2$	$\mathrm{Adjusted}{\overline{g}}_i$
First-order meta-analyses summary
WM (TD children)	25	0.13	0.060	0.006	0.12
WM (LD children)	18	0.12	0.032	0.002	0.12
WM (adults)	44	0.12	0.041	0.003	0.12
WM (older adults)	32	0.13	0.085	0.035	0.12
Action VG (adults)	32	0.08	0.073	0.000	0.12
Nonaction VG (adults)	16	0.15	0.047	0.012	0.12
VG (older adults)	10	0.04	0.033	0.000	0.12
Music (TD children)	36	0.19	0.087	0.042	0.12
Chess (TD children)	9	0.13	0.049	0.031	0.12
Exergames (older adults)	11	0.15	0.079	0.021	0.12
Second-order meta-analysis summary results $\stackrel{=}{g}=$ 0.12 (second-order grand mean) ${\sigma }_e^2=0.00235$ (second-order sampling-error variance) ${\sigma }_{{\overline{g}}_i}^2=0.00129$ (observed between-first-order-meta-analyses variance) ${\sigma }^2=0$ (true between-first-order-meta-analyses variance)

Note: Data From Sala, Aksayli, Tatlidil, Tatsumi, et al. (2019). k_i $k_i$ = number of samples; ${\overline{g}}_i=$ first-order overall effect size; $S_{gi}^2$ = variance of the observed gs; ${\tau }^2=$ amount of true heterogeneity; adjusted ${\overline{g}}_i$ = adjusted first-order overall effect size; TD = typically developing; LD = learning disabilities; VG = video games; WM = working memory.