Table 1.

Selected caRNAs linked to human cancers

Type	CaRNA	Interaction mode	Function	References
lncRNA	HOTTIP	Forms R-loops at CBSs and recruits CTCF/cohesin complex	Facilitates leukemogenesis and AML development	[113]
	MaTAR25	Interacts and recruits transcriptional coactivator PURB to Tensin1 promoter	Increases Tensin1 transcription and BC cells proliferation, invasion and migration	[133]
	RP11-19E11.1	Directly interacts with TF E2F1	Attenuates DNA damage and apoptosis to aid BC cells survival	[134]
	ANRIL	Interacts with ATR and stabilizes it by deubiquitin	Guarantees homologous recombination repair and lung cancer cells survival	[135]
	LINC00839	Recruits transcriptional activator Ruvb1/KAT5 complex and helps to deposit H4K5ac and H4K8ac at NRF1 promoter	Increases NRF1 expression and promotes CRC OXPHOS and procession	[136]
	BlackMamba	Binds and recruits LSH to cytoskeleton formation and inflammation-related gene promoters	Maintains ALCL neoplastic phenotype and cell growth	[137]
	LINC-PINT	Interacts with PRC2 at EGR1 and ITGA3 promoters	Silences EGR1 and ITGA3 gene to repress cancer cells migration	[138]
	LCAT3	LCAT3 Recruits FUBP1 to the MYC far-upstream element sequence	Activates MYC and promotes lung cancer cells proliferation and metastasis	[129]
asRNAs	ARHGAP5-AS1	Recruits METTL3 to ARHGAP5 mRNA to elevate the m6A level	Stabilizes ARHGAP5 mRNA and increases chemoresistance of GC	[127]
	GATA3-AS	Recruits m6A writer KIAA1429 to the GATA3 3’UTR	Leads to GATA3 pre-mRNA degradation and promotes tumor progression	[128]
	FOXD2-AS1	Recruits EZH2 to the CDKN1B promoter and induces the deposition of H3K27me3	Silences CDKN1B and promotes HCC proliferation	[139]
	Linc-ASEN	Interacts with UPF1-PRC1/PRC2 complex and binds p21 gene 3’UTR	Silences p21 gene and retards CRC and BC cells senescence	[140]
circRNA	circIPO11	Recruits TOP1 to GLI1 promoter	Activates GLI1 transcription and promotes the HCC progression	[141]
	circMRPS35	Binds to FOXO1 and FOXO3a gene promoters and recruits KAT7 depositing H4K5ac	Upregulates p21 and p27 and downregulates Twist1 and E-cadherin and inhibits GC proliferation and invasion	[142]
	circGSK3B	Interacts with EZH2 at RORA promoter and inhibits the deposition of H3K27me3	Upregulates RORA and attenuates GC growth, invasion and metastasis	[143]
	circNCOR1	Recruits hnRNPL to the SMAD7 promoter and meanwhile inserts in DNA to form R-loops	Upregulates SMAD7 and decreases BC cells growth and LN metastasis	[144]
snoRNA	SNORA73	Combines poly PARP1 and DKC1/NHP2 to form a snoRNP at DNA damage genomic loci	Blocks DNA damage repair and promotes AML differentiation	[145]
nascent RNA	FOXM1 pre-mRNA	Recognized by ALKBH5 and with lower m6A	Promotes FOXM1 expression and GSCs renewal and tumorigenesis	[126]