TABLE 1.
Reported rates of microbial actin-based motilitya
| Environment | Motility (μm/min) of:
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L. monocytogenes | S. flexneri | E. coli expressing Shigella IcsA | Vaccinia virus | Rickettsiab | |
| Cells | 13.2 ± 0.24 (34) | 5.4 ± 4.2 (197) | NAc | 2.8 ± 0.5 (32) | 8 ± 1 (58) |
| 22 ± 5 (58) | 12.3 ± 7.7 (158) | 4.8 ± 0.6 (59) | |||
| 26 ± 5 (58) | |||||
| Xenopus extracts | 6.4 (176) | NAd | 12.9 ± 7.8 (56) | NDe | 2.0 ± 0.2 (58) |
| 11 ± 2.4 (78) | 29.5 ± 5 (78) | ||||
| 11 ± 2 (99) | |||||
| 13 ± 5 (58) | |||||
a
References are given in parentheses.
b
R. rickettsii or R. conorii.
c
NA, not applicable. E. coli cannot be readily introduced into the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.
d
NA, not applicable. S. flexneri does not move in Xenopus extracts, apparently because IcsA expression is relatively low in vitro (Magdalena and Goldberg, submitted).
e
ND, not determined. Vaccinia virus motility has not been assayed in cytoplasmic extracts.