TABLE 4.
Percentage changes in clinical variables from baseline to week 16.
| PEMA (n = 58) | OMEGA-3 (n = 61) | P | |||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Body weight | 0.00 | 3.45 | 0.11 | 2.74 | 0.846 |
| Waist circumference | -0.31 | 4.24 | 0.04 | 5.44 | 0.708 |
| BMI | 0.00 | 3.45 | 0.11 | 2.74 | 0.841 |
| SBP | -0.55 | 7.45 | 0.12 | 7.62 | 0.635 |
| DBP | 4.34 | 22.88 | 4.01 | 12.36 | 0.921 |
| Total cholesterol | 1.8 | 14.8 | -6.1 | 10.5 | 0.001 |
| Triglycerides | -38.3 | 26.8 | -24.7 | 28.6 | 0.009 |
| HDL-C | 14.5 | 21.3 | 5.6 | 18.2 | 0.016 |
| LDL-C | 14.3 | 27.3 | -9.0 | 16.5 | 0.000 |
| Small dense LDL | -15.6 | 29.2 | -14.1 | 21.0 | 0.753 |
| Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol | -46.7 | 28.9 | -28.9 | 40.0 | 0.007 |
| ApoA-I | 4.8 | 15.1 | -1.1 | 10.1 | 0.013 |
| ApoA-II | 46.6 | 23.4 | -5.7 | 11.2 | <0.001 |
| ApoB | -0.8 | 17.7 | -7.9 | 12.0 | 0.012 |
| ApoC-II | -18.7 | 23.7 | -16.9 | 14.7 | 0.623 |
| ApoC-III | -32.2 | 15.8 | -11.1 | 15.5 | 0.000 |
| ApoE | -7.4 | 18.7 | -7.2 | 16.7 | 0.942 |
| Fasting plasma glucose | -3.7 | 13.1 | 11.0 | 26.3 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c | 1.2 | 8.6 | 3.1 | 10.8 | 0.314 |
| Insulin | 15.7 | 136.6 | 61.9 | 274.0 | 0.250 |
| HOMA-IR | 17.9 | 172.8 | 109.1 | 518.8 | 0.206 |
| HOMA-β | 24.7 | 119.0 | 20.3 | 123.3 | 0.843 |
| AST | 11.0 | 37.5 | 10.4 | 27.7 | 0.923 |
| ALT | -11.8 | 42.0 | 17.1 | 40.2 | <0.001 |
| γ-GTP | -37.1 | 41.6 | 12.4 | 69.0 | <0.001 |
| ALP | -35.1 | 23.4 | -9.7 | 21.2 | <0.001 |
| CK | 9.9 | 77.8 | 15.5 | 55.6 | 0.649 |
| Cr | 3.9 | 10.6 | -0.7 | 9.8 | 0.014 |
| eGFR | -3.2 | 9.5 | 1.9 | 10.8 | 0.008 |
| (Fibrinogen) | -18.9 | 15.4 | -0.98 | 10.9 | 0.001 |
The data are presented as means ± SDs. P values are for comparison between the two groups. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Apo, apolipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment beta-cell function; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; γ-GTP, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CK, creatine kinase; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.