Table 1.
Primers used for amplification of A. butzleri antibiotic resistance genes.
| gene | primer name | sequence 5’-3’ | annealing temperature | amplicon length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) (Abdelbaqi et al., 2007) | F–QRDR | TGGATTAAAGCCAGTTCATAGAAG | 58°C | 344 bp |
| R2–QRDR | TCATMGWATCATCATAATTTGGWAC | |||
| tetA tetracycline resistance (tetH) | ABu-tetA-F01 | TCACTGGCAACCCATTACGG | 59°C | 260 bp |
| ABu-tetA-R01 | GCGGGAGTCACATCACTCAT | |||
| tetM tetracycline resistance | ABu-tetM-F01 | AGCTCATGTTGATGCGGGAA | 59°C | 728 bp |
| ABu-tetM-R01 | TTCCGCAAAGTTCAGACGGA | |||
| tetL gene for tetracycline efflux MFS transporter TetL | Abu-tetL-F01 | TTCGGGTCGGTAATTGGGTT | 59°C | 828 bp |
| Abu-tetL-R01 | TTTGGTGAACGAAAGCCCAC | |||
| bla OXA-464 beta-lactamase | Abu-OXA-464-F01 | CATCGTTTTCTCCTGCTTCAACA | 59°C | 447 bp |
| Abu-OXA-464-R01 | TTCCTTCCCAACCTGTTTTTGC | |||
| macA macrolide resistance | Abu-macA-F01 | CAGCAACTATGTCTGCTCCAAA | 58°C | 417 bp |
| Abu-macA-R01 | CTCTTGCAACATTTGCAGGTCT | |||
| macB macrolide resistance | Abu-macB-F01 | GAAGAGGACCACCAAGAGAAGA | 59°C | 396 bp |
| Abu-macB-R01 | CTTGGTCATTCCCAAAAGCAGC | |||
| tolC Type I secretion outer membrane protein | Abu-tolC-F01 | TCAGGTTTATCACAAACTCACTCT | 58°C | 935 bp |
| Abu-tolC-R01 | ACCGAAGTCATTCCTGCTTCA | |||
| ermB 23S rRNA (adenine(2058)-N(6))-methyltransferase ErmB | Abu-ermB-F01 | ACTAGGGTTGCTCTTGCACA | 59°C | 125 bp |
| Abu-ermB-R01 | CATCTGTGGTATGGCGGGTA | |||
| str Streptomycin adenylyltransferase Str | Abu-Str-F02 | TGAGTTTTGGAGTGTCTCAACG | 57°C | 423 bp |
| Abu-Str-R02 | AATCAAAACCCCTATTAAAGCCAA | |||
| cat chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase Cat (pC194) | Abu-cat-F01 | GGTTACAATAGCGACGGAGAGT | 58°C | 426 bp |
| Abu-cat-R01 | AGGCCTATCTGACAATTCCTGA | |||
| ant(6)-Ia aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase ANT(6)-Ia | Abu-ant6I-F01 | ATGATGCAAAAGCCGGAGGA | 60°C | 388 bp |
| Abu-ant6I-R01 | CGATGCCGACCTTCCATGAT | |||
| aph(3)-IIIa 3-aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase type IIIa Aph(3)-IIIa | Abu-aphIIIa-F01 | ATCGAGCTGTATGCGGAGTG | 60°C | 328 bp |
| Abu-aphIIIa-R01 | TGTCATACCACTTGTCCGCC | |||
| aadD aminoglycoside adenyltransferase AadD/kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase | Abu-aadD-F01 | GCAGGTGCCATGTTGATTGG | 60°C | 214 bp |
| Abu-aadD-R01 | ATCCGTGTCGTTCTGTCCAC |