Table 3.
Pearson correlation matrix of all variables used in the correlation and path model analysis.
| Variable | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. SPELT-3 raw score | – | |||||||
| 2. SPELT-3 complex syntax sub-score | 0.72** | – | ||||||
| 3. BBA | 0.41** | 0.26* | – | |||||
| 4. Prosody Matching | 0.25* | 0.15 | 0.32** | – | ||||
| 5. PTONI standard score | 0.27* | 0.21* | 0.33** | 0.24* | – | |||
| 6. KABC-II number recall raw score | 0.21* | 0.10 | 0.33** | 0.27* | 0.30** | – | ||
| 7. SES | 0.08 | − 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.21* | – | |
| 8. MES | 0.01 | − 0.19* | − 0.06 | 0.07 | − 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.18* | – |
Except for the PTONI age-normed standard scores (which are the z-scored standard scores), the raw scores of all other variables were z-scored, regressed on age, and the resulting residuals were z-scored once again, and these z-scored, age-regressed residuals were used in the correlation matrix. Values are correlation r values for each pair of variables. Missing values were excluded in a pair-wise manner. SPELT-3 = Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test; BBA = Beat-Based Advantage; PTONI = Primary Measure of Non-Verbal IQ; KABC = Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children; SES = Socioeconomic Status; MES = Musical Experience Score.
*indicates p < 0.05, and **indicates p < 0.001.