TABLE 2.
Characteristics and treatment of COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients and after mRNA vaccination
| Unvaccinated (n = 43) | mRNA vaccination (n = 37) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time from first dose of vaccine (days) | – | 52 ± 27 | |
| SARS-CoV−2 confirmation | |||
| PCR testa | 41 (95) | 35 (95) | 1.000 |
| Wild-type (WA1) | 41 (100) | 20 (57) | <.001 |
| B.1.1.7 variant | 0 (0) | 15 (43) | |
| Rapid Ag test | 2 (5) | 2 (5) | |
| Symptoms | |||
| Fever (≥38°C) | 24 (56) | 18 (49) | .820 |
| Cough | 32 (74) | 18 (49) | .057 |
| Fatigue/myalgia | 37 (86) | 35 (95) | .275 |
| Gastrointestinal | 14 (33) | 15 (41) | .492 |
| Acute kidney injury | 13 (30) | 12 (32) | 1.000 |
| Anosmia/ageusia | 8 (17) | 4 (11) | .367 |
| Confirmed pneumonia | 15 (35) | 14 (38) | .819 |
| Hospitalization | 17 (40) | 15 (41) | 1.000 |
| Treatment | |||
| Supplemental oxygenb | 14 (33) | 11 (30) | .814 |
| Dexamethasone | 13 (30) | 5 (14) | .107 |
| Remdesivir | 6 (14) | 10 (27) | .170 |
| SARS-CoV−2 mAbc | 0 (0) | 4 (11) | .042 |
| Antibiotics | 12 (28) | 10 (27) | 1.000 |
| Modification of immunosuppression | |||
| No changed | 3 (7) | 5 (14) | .461 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil withdrawale | 37 (86) | 30 (81) | .562 |
| Reduction of tacrolimusf | 17 (40) | 15 (41) | 1.000 |
| Deathg | 4 (9) | 5 (14) | .726 |
Note: Data are number of patients (percentage) or mean ± SD.
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Nasopharyngeal swab or bronchoalveolar lavage.
Mechanical ventilation in 1 unvaccinated and 2 vaccinated patients, high-flow oxygen device in 3 unvaccinated and 1 vaccinated patient.
Casirivimab + imdevimab in 3, bamlanivimab in 1. SARS-CoV-2 mAb were not available during autumn pandemic wave. One patient progressed to severe COVID-19 and died in spite of casirivimab + imdevimab administration.
Including 1 vaccinated patient with fulminant course resulting in death within 12 h after admission.
4 unvaccinated patients and 5 after vaccination were not treated with mycophenolate mofetil at the time of diagnosis.
Targeting trough levels of 4–6 ng/ml in all hospitalized patients.
Including 1 vaccinated patient with sudden death after discharge >1 months after COVID-19 diagnosis.