Fig. 1.

Group comparisons of plasma biomarkers. Plasma levels of GFAP, p-tau181, Αβ42/Αβ40, NfL, Αβ42, and Αβ40 between groups were compared with one-way analysis of covariance controlling for age and sex, followed by FDR corrected pair-wise post hoc comparisons. Significance: ****p<0.0001, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05, −: p≥0.05. Abbreviations: GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; Αβ, amyloid-β; NfL, neurofilament light; FDR, false discovery rate; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease