Table 1.
Demographic and Neuropsychological Characteristics
| Mean | SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69.53 | 8.34 | 55–87 |
| Education (years ) | 16.82 | 2.83 | 12–20 |
| CRF (metabolic equivalents, METs) | 6.70 | 2.44 | 1.58–11.31 |
| Body mass index | 26.96 | 4.82 | 18.88–36.78 |
| Physical activity score | 1.00 | 1.08 | 0.00–3.03 |
| Weight (in kg) | 78.15 | 16.16 | 49.90–115.67 |
| Height (in m) | 1.70 | .10 | 1.50–1.88 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 132.16 | 18.00 | 106–182 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 76.90 | 9.84 | 61–95 |
| Pulse pressure | 55.26 | 14.99 | 29–94 |
| Heart rate | 72.05 | 10.95 | 53–95 |
| Modified Mini-Mental Status exam (mMMS) | 55.28 | 1.36 | 51–57 |
| Beck’s Depression Index (BDI) | 2.79 | 3.37 | 0–14 |
| Shipley’s Vocabulary Test | 35.98 | 2.53 | 30–40 |
| Kaufman Brief Intelligent Test (K-BIT) | 116.77 | 11.71 | 82–142 |
| Verbal knowledge | 56.00 | 2.88 | 45–60 |
| Riddles | 42.15 | 4.45 | 23–48 |
| Matrices | 36.08 | 4.76 | 23–45 |
| Forward digit span | 7.06 | 1.31 | 4–9 |
| Backward digit span | 5.30 | 1.20 | 3–8 |
| Operation span (O-span) | 24.17 | 17.88 | 0–64 |
| Verbal fluency (CFL) | 43.58 | 10.82 | 23–70 |
| Trail Test A | 18.23 | 5.70 | 9–35 |
| Trail Test B | 29.21 | 8.65 | 15–58 |
| Trail B-A | 10.98 | 6.87 | −1–32 |
| WCST (errors) | 26.25 | 20.29 | 7–85 |
Note. N = 53 (27 females). Education capped at 20 years (postgraduate degree). The K-BIT score was normalized by age group (but not the subscores). SD = standard deviation; CRF = cardiorespiratory fitness; WCST = Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.