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. 2023 Feb 8;71(1):99–115. doi: 10.1007/s11423-023-10205-4

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and correlations between the measured variables

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1. PE 1
2. DR 0.73** 1
3. EL 0.73** 0.70** 1
4. FLDC 0.77** 0.72** 0.77** 1
5. Vig 0.69** 0.59** 0.61** 0.68** 1
6. Ded 0.54** 0.49** 0.43** 0.44** 0.45** 1
7. Abs 0.67** 0.55** 0.61** 0.64** 0.79** 0.54** 1
8. DC 0.90** 0.88** 0.90** 0.86** 0.72** 0.53** 0.69** 1
9. EE 0.67** 0.56** 0.63** 0.67** 0.68** 0.40** 0.63** 0.71** 1
10. WE 0.74** 0.64** 0.65** 0.70** 0.89** 0.76** 0.92** 0.76** 0.67** 1
Mean 3.98 3.98 3.71 3.74 3.48 4.18 3.67 3.86 3.65 3.78
SD 0.62 0.69 0.81 0.70 0.75 0.64 0.72 0.63 0.72 0.60
Skewness − 0.28 − 0.22 − 0.23 − 0.15 − 0.15 − 0.36 − 0.10 − 0.11 − 0.07 − 0.01
Kurtosis − 0.38 − 0.71 − 0.15 − 0.25 0.13 − 0.69 − 0.14 − 0.48 − 0.07 − 0.47

The numbers in diagonal brackets are the coefficients α; N = 321

PE professional engagement, DR digital resources, EL empowering learners, FLDC facilitating learners’ digital competence, Vig Vigor, Ded Dedication, Ab Absorption, DC digital competence, EE effort expectancy, WE work engagement

**p < .01.