Table 2. Change in Symptoms From Baseline to the 3-Month Follow-up for Secondary Outcomes.
| Outcome | Change from pretreatment, B (SE)a | Group contrasts, Cohen d (95% CI)b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Face-to-face CBT | Guided ICBT | Unguided ICBT | Face-to-face CBT vs guided ICBT | Face-to-face CBT vs unguided ICBT | Guided ICBT vs unguided ICBT | |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised | ||||||
| Posttreatment | −11.55 (1.43) | −9.27 (1.32) | −7.47 (1.37) | 0.21 (−0.53 to 0.94) | 0.17 (−0.57 to 0.91) | −0.03 (−0.74 to 0.68) |
| 3-mo follow-up | −12.73 (1.45) | −10.78 (1.34) | −7.54 (1.41) | 0.15 (−0.59 to 0.89) | 0.37 (−0.39 to 1.12) | 0.22 (−0.51 to 0.94) |
| Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale–Self-Rated | ||||||
| Posttreatment | −7.32 (0.98) | −7.43 (0.9) | −5.72 (0.95) | 0.13 (−0.52 to 0.78) | 0.29 (−0.37 to 0.96) | 0.16 (−0.47 to 0.8) |
| 3-mo follow-up | −8.51 (1) | −8.5 (0.92) | −5.98 (0.97) | 0.16 (−0.5 to 0.82) | 0.53 (−0.15 to 1.21) | 0.37 (−0.28 to 1.02) |
| Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Self-Rated | ||||||
| Posttreatment | −4.41 (1.1) | −2.19 (1) | −2.38 (1.05) | 0.02 (−0.77 to 0.8) | −0.06 (−0.86 to 0.74) | −0.08 (−0.84 to 0.69) |
| 3-mo follow-up | −6.05 (1.11) | −2.48 (1.02) | −2.16 (1.09) | 0.33 (−0.47 to 1.12) | 0.37 (−0.44 to 1.18) | 0.04 (−0.74 to 0.82) |
| EuroQol 5-Dimensions | ||||||
| Posttreatment | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.03) | 0.02 (−0.59 to 0.63) | 0 (−0.63 to 0.62) | −0.03 (−0.62 to 0.57) |
| 3-mo follow-up | 0.12 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.04) | −0.41 (−1.03 to 0.21) | −0.4 (−1.04 to 0.23) | 0 (−0.61 to 0.62) |
| Global Assessment of Functioning | ||||||
| Posttreatment | 6.69 (1.52) | 5.32 (1.37) | 4.25 (1.43) | 0.26 (−0.34 to 0.87) | −0.06 (−0.68 to 0.55) | −0.33 (−0.92 to 0.26) |
| 3-mo follow-up | 9.64 (1.53) | 4.44 (1.37) | 4.91 (1.44) | −0.35 (−0.96 to 0.26) | −0.44 (−1.07 to 0.19) | −0.09 (−0.68 to 0.51) |
| Sheehan Disability Scale | ||||||
| Posttreatment | −5.43 (1.08) | −3.08 (0.96) | −2.87 (1) | 0.2 (−0.54 to 0.93) | 0.21 (−0.53 to 0.96) | 0.02 (−0.7 to 0.73) |
| 3-mo follow-up | −6.84 (1.09) | −3.23 (0.98) | −3.11 (1.03) | 0.5 (−0.25 to 1.24) | 0.5 (−0.27 to 1.26) | 0 (−0.73 to 0.73) |
| Insomnia Severity Index, Postc | −0.95 (0.76) | −1.54 (0.68) | −0.84 (0.7) | −0.36 (−1.23 to 0.5) | −0.21 (−1.09 to 0.67) | 0.15 (−0.69 to 0.99) |
Abbreviations: CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy; ICBT, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy.
Pretreatment to follow-up least squares means were based on mixed-effects models with a random intercept, fixed effects of time and group, and interaction effect time by group. The B coefficient is estimated using comparisons posttreatment minus pretreatment and follow-up minus pretreatment, respectively, within each group.
Between-group effect sizes were calculated using the least-squares means from mixed-effects models, using the residual SD of random effects as sigma. Comparisons are presented as B minus A so that positive values indicate a larger improvement for group A. Note that for EuroQol 5-dimensions and Global Assessment of Functioning, where an increase in total score indicates improvement, a negative effect size coefficient indicates larger improvements for group A.
Insomnia Severity Index was measured at pretreatment and posttreatment only; hence, there is no 3-month results for this outcome.