Table 1.
Comparison Between Bezlotoxumab- and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation–Treated CDI Episodes
| Variables | BZX (n = 51) | FMT (n = 49) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| • Age, median (IQR), y | 73 (62–82) | 79 (70–88) | .13 |
| • Cases older than 65 y | 36 (70.6) | 41 (83.7) | .12 |
| • Sex (females) | 32 (62.7) | 34 (69.4) | .48 |
| • Nursing home residence | 5 (9.8) | 3 (6.1) | .49 |
| • Immunosuppression | 34 (66.7) | 9 (18.4) | <.01 |
| Solid malignancies | 12 (23.5) | 3 (6.1) | |
| Hematologic malignancies | 9 (17.6) | 1 (2.0) | |
| HSCT | 3 (5.9) | 0 | |
| SOT | 11 (21.6) | 0 | |
| Other conditions | 2 (3.9) | 5 (10.2) | |
| • Inflammatory bowel disease | 4 (7.8) | 5 (10.2) | .68 |
| • Dialysis | 10 (19.6) | 3 (6.1) | .04 |
| • Congestive heart failure | 9 (17.6) | 20 (40.8) | .01 |
| • Charlson index score, median (IQR) | 5 (3–8) | 5 (4–6) | .77 |
| • Proton pump inhibitors | 2 (3.9) | 19 (38.8) | <.01 |
| Clinical presentation | |||
| • First episode | 18 (35.3) | 0 | <.01 |
| • First recurrence | 18 (35.3) | 18 (36.7) | .88 |
| • ≥2 recurrences | 15 (29.4) | 31 (63.3) | <.01 |
| • Nonsevere | 28 (54.9) | 39 (79.6) | <.01 |
| • Severe | 23 (45.0) | 10 (20.4) | .01 |
| • B toxin Ct, median (IQR) | 24 (22–29) | 23 (22–26) | .12 |
| • 027 presumptive strains | 1 (1.9) | 0 | .51 |
| • 027 ribotype confirmed strains | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Previous CDI treatments | |||
| • Metronidazole | 10 (19.6) | 14 (28.6) | .29 |
| • Vancomycin | 29 (56.9) | 45 (91.8) | <.01 |
| • Vancomycin tapering | 3 (5.9) | 17 (34.7) | <.01 |
| • Fidaxomicin | 4 (7.8) | 10 (20.4) | .08 |
| • Fecal microbiota transplantation | 2 (3.9) | 6 (12.2) | .16 |
| • Bezlotoxumab | 0 | 1 (2.0) | .49 |
| Evolution | |||
| • Recurrences at 8 wk | 10 (19.6) | 12 (24.5) | .55 |
| • Later recurrences | 5 (9.8) | 9 (18.4) | .31 |
| • Non-CDI antibiotics after BZX/FMT | 22 (43.1) | 8 (16.3) | <.01 |
| • Global mortality at 8 wk | 4 (7.8) | 3 (6.1) | .73 |
| • Global mortality 8 wk to 1 y | 14 (27.5) | 7 (14.3) | .10 |
| • Attributable mortality to CDI | 0 | 2 (4.1) | .24 |
| • Attributable mortality to CHF | 1 (2.0) | 2 (4.1) | .46 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: BZX, bezlotoxumab; CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; CHF, congestive heart failure; Ct, cycle threshold; FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; rCDI, recurrent CDI; SOT, solid organ transplantation.