TABLE 1.
Amount of various compounds permeated through static and flow‐through cells
| Compound (Author, Reference #) | Static | Flow‐Through | Statistical Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saline a (Crutcher, 4 ) | 0.2 ml | 0.1 ml | N/A |
| Water b (Bronaugh, 3 ) | 4.4 ± 0.2 (5) | 4.3 ± 0.4 (5) | N/S |
| Cortisone b (Bronaugh, 3 ) | 6.3 ± 0.8 (8) | 8.5 ± 0.9 (5) | N/S |
| Benzoic acid b (Bronaugh, 3 ) | 48.6 ± 3.8 (6) | 45.9 ± 7.6 (5) | N/S |
| Tritiated water a (Clowes, 5 ) | 11.8 ± 0.8 (40) | 7.1 ± 0.6 (12) | 0.000 |
| Tritiated water b (Clowes, 5 ) | 23.0 ± 1.7 (15) | 19.8 ± 1.0 (9) | 0.000 |
| Mannitol a (Clowes, 5 ) | 4.0 ± 0.6 (15) | 8.7 ± 2.0 (10) | 0.000 |
| Mannitol b (Clowes, 5 ) | 0.3 ± 0.1 (18) | 0.4 ± 0.1 (12) | 0.012 |
| Acetamidophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 15.4 ± 6.5 | 27.8 ± 12.8 | 0.049 |
| Propionylamidophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 20.9 ± 23.8 | 19.1 ± 6.8 | N/S |
| Phenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 97.6 ± 0.5 | 95.4 ± 1.6 | 0.007 |
| Cyanophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 75.4 ± 6.2 | 87.3 ± 5.4 | 0.002 |
| Nitrophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 70.0 ± 3.7 | 75.1 ± 7.3 | N/S |
| Chlorophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 87.4 ± 2.2 | 90.5 ± 2.2 | 0.019 |
| Iodophenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 80.4 ± 12.0 | 73.3 ± 16.0 | N/S |
| Pentyloxyphenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 73.3 ± 8.7 | 71.2 ± 9.3 | N/S |
| Heptyloxyphenol b (Hughes, 6 ) | 65.3 ± 12.6 | 45.9 ± 17.5 | 0.037 |
| Acetaminophen c (Waters, 7 ) | 88.9% | 84.9% | N/A |
| Caffeine c (Waters, 7 ) | 98.2% | 98.9% | N/A |
| Carbamazepine c (Waters, 7 ) | 70.6% | 69.7% | N/A |
| Cimetidine c (Waters, 7 ) | 57.2% | 57.1% | N/A |
| Diclofenac c (Waters, 7 ) | 85.5% | 88.0% | N/A |
| Fenoprofen c (Waters, 7 ) | 92.4% | 95.9% | N/A |
| Fluconazole c (Waters, 7 ) | 93.8% | 92.8% | N/A |
| Flurbiprofen c (Waters, 7 ) | 91.8% | 93.7% | N/A |
| Fosinopril c (Waters, 7 ) | 34.7% | 35.7% | N/A |
| Gemfibrozil c (Waters, 7 ) | 90.6% | 92.7% | N/A |
| Haloperidol c (Waters, 7) | 62.8% | 49.7% | N/A |
| Ibuprofen c (Waters, 7 ) | 92.0% | 94.1% | N/A |
| Indomethacin c (Waters, 7 ) | 86.4% | 95.4% | N/A |
| Ketoprofen c (Waters, 7 ) | 89.7% | 83.7% | N/A |
| Leflunomide c (Waters, 7 ) | 86.1% | 89.1% | N/A |
| Lidocaine c (Waters, 7 ) | 86.7% | 88.1% | N/A |
| Linezolid c (Waters, 7 ) | 87.4% | 91.2% | N/A |
| Meloxicam c (Waters, 7 ) | 77.6% | 76.6% | N/A |
| Moexipril c (Waters, 7 ) | 26.6% | 37.8% | N/A |
| Naproxen c (Waters, 7 ) | 91.9% | 95.1% | N/A |
| Phenylbutazone c (Waters, 7 ) | 94.4% | 97.5% | N/A |
| Piroxicam c (Waters, 7 ) | 80.7% | 82.7% | N/A |
| Quinine c (Waters, 7 ) | 93.9% | 96.7% | N/A |
| Theophylline c (Waters, 7 ) | 97.9% | 98.4% | N/A |
| Zolmitriptan c (Waters, 7 ) | 70.9% | 68.0% | N/A |
Data presented in milliliters, mean ± standard deviation, and % permeated.
Number of determinations are shown in parentheses for data if provided.
a
Permeated through human skin.
b
Permeated through rat skin.
c
Permeated through human intestine.
For statistical significance, p < 0.05.
If significant, p‐value is shown ‐ calculated by a two‐sample T‐test.
N/A, not applicable; N/S, not significant.