Table 1: Descriptive characteristics of the sample of 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren, stratified according to monthly family income, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2012-2013.
| Variables | Categories | Total (n = 2,506) | Low income (n = 718) | Medium income (n = 736) | High income (n = 698) | P-valueb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | %a | n | %a | n | %a | |||
| Sex | Female | 1,334 | 56.5 | 402 | 58.0 | 370 | 54.0 | 362 | 56.7 | 0.640 |
| Male | 1,172 | 43.5 | 316 | 42.0 | 366 | 46.0 | 336 | 43.3 | ||
| Age (years) | 7 to 10 | 1,530 | 61.1 | 436 | 61.2 | 473 | 63.9 | 415 | 63.0 | 0.589 |
| 11 to 14 | 976 | 38.9 | 282 | 38.8 | 263 | 36.1 | 283 | 37.0 | ||
| Type of school | Public | 1,637 | 65.3 | 672 | 93.9 | 585 | 80.7 | 201 | 26.2 | < 0.001 |
| Private | 869 | 34.7 | 46 | 6.1 | 151 | 19.3 | 497 | 73.8 | ||
| BMI (n = 2,484) | (Mean; SD) | 18.60 | 3.55 | 18.72 | 3.80 | 18.74 | 3.71 | 18.44 | 3.24 | 0.616 |
| Overweight* | 511 | 21.5 | 469 | 65.6 | 473 | 65.6 | 467 | 65.7 | 0.995 | |
| Obese† | 315 | 12.7 | 241 | 34.4 | 256 | 34.4 | 226 | 34.3 | ||
| Waist circumference (n = 2,480) | (Mean; SD) | 61.92 | 8.53 | 61.95 | 3.89 | 61.76 | 3.99 | 62.10 | 3.99 | 0.718 |
| Abdominal obesity (n = 2,480) | Yes‡ | 134 | 5.0 | 51 | 6.6 | 48 | 5.5 | 25 | 3.7 | 0.198 |
| Mother’s educational level (n = 2,389) | Incomplete high school | 851 | 33.3 | 443 | 63.5 | 272 | 35.3 | 65 | 7.6 | < 0.001 |
| Complete high school | 857 | 37.5 | 210 | 32.5 | 336 | 49.1 | 210 | 32.7 | ||
| Complete higher education | 681 | 29.2 | 32 | 4.0 | 115 | 15.6 | 416 | 59.7 | ||
| Father’s educational level (n = 2,086) | Incomplete high school | 806 | 35.6 | 364 | 62.6 | 295 | 44.1 | 83 | 11.4 | 0.002 |
| Complete high school | 710 | 35.3 | 144 | 31.0 | 268 | 44.7 | 215 | 30.0 | ||
| Complete higher education | 570 | 29.1 | 39 | 6.4 | 80 | 11.2 | 343 | 58.6 | ||
| Uses beaches (n = 2,382) | Yes | 745 | 32.9 | 199 | 30.2 | 200 | 26.5 | 223 | 35.7 | 0.456 |
| No | 1,637 | 67.1 | 489 | 69.8 | 522 | 73.5 | 462 | 64.3 | ||
| Uses parks/ playgrounds (n = 2,342) | Yes | 642 | 27.5 | 169 | 23.2 | 183 | 24.1 | 205 | 32.6 | 0.045 |
| No | 1,700 | 72.5 | 501 | 76.8 | 523 | 75.9 | 476 | 67.4 | ||
| Uses sports courts (n = 2,336) | Yes | 1,100 | 45.3 | 325 | 47.4 | 322 | 41.3 | 309 | 45.0 | 0.288 |
| No | 1,236 | 54.7 | 345 | 52.6 | 388 | 58.7 | 366 | 55.0 | ||
| Uses football pitches (n = 2,341) | Yes | 661 | 25.4 | 209 | 26.1 | 214 | 25.2 | 159 | 23.5 | 0.836 |
| No | 1,680 | 74.6 | 461 | 73.9 | 501 | 74.8 | 517 | 76.5 | ||
| Distance to parks/ playgrounds (minutes) (n = 1,830) | 1-10 | 776 | 42.4 | 173 | 31.0 | 221 | 43.7 | 268 | 56.0 | 0.101 |
| 11-19 | 419 | 22.9 | 150 | 30.3 | 126 | 19.5 | 103 | 14.3 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 635 | 34.7 | 178 | 38.7 | 202 | 36.8 | 179 | 29.6 | ||
| Distance to sports courts (minutes) (n = 1,508) | 1-10 | 698 | 46.3 | 173 | 39.7 | 207 | 44.4 | 224 | 53.3 | 0.132 |
| 11-19 | 372 | 24.6 | 127 | 30.0 | 114 | 20.7 | 92 | 22.2 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 438 | 29.1 | 117 | 30.3 | 157 | 34.9 | 111 | 24.5 | ||
| Distance to football pitches (minutes) (n = 1,244) | 1-10 | 538 | 43.3 | 141 | 35.6 | 172 | 38.3 | 161 | 49.5 | 0.002 |
| 11-19 | 306 | 24.6 | 101 | 29.7 | 106 | 31.3 | 71 | 21.1 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 400 | 32.1 | 123 | 34.7 | 128 | 30.4 | 97 | 29.4 | ||
| Distance to beaches (minutes) (n = 2,072) | 1-10 | 476 | 23.0 | 122 | 20.4 | 138 | 21.7 | 144 | 20.9 | 0.829 |
| 11-19 | 360 | 17.3 | 109 | 21.3 | 111 | 20.0 | 108 | 17.8 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 1,236 | 59.7 | 359 | 58.3 | 368 | 58.3 | 368 | 61.3 | ||
BMI = body mass index; *overweight 95% CI = 16.7-27.3%; †obese 95% CI = 11.0-14.5%; ‡abdominal obesity 95% CI = 3.4-7.3%; apercentage values take into account the design effect (svy command); bP-value significant at 5% for Pearson’s chi-square test.