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. 2023 Feb 8;18(2):e0276578. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276578

Fig 3. Acetic acid effects on SARS-CoV-2 spike and ACE2 binding.

Fig 3

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay data indicates that Acetic Acid or Vinegar (Acetic Acid at 1M, or at 2 M) alters binding of Spike to human angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2). (A-D) When spike-coated plates are incubated with concentrations of Acetic Acid and the effect of Acetic acid was tested when in contact with spike protein for (A) 5 minutes; (B) 10 minutes; (C) 30 minutes; (D) 60 minutes; as well as (E) when ACE2 coated plates are incubated with Spike RBD protein and different concentrations of Acetic Acid was tested when in contact with spike protein for 30 minutes. Data was normalized to no-Acetic Acid vehicle control (stats as compared to respective vehicle). Data represent mean ±SD, n = 3 *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.