Anjum 2017.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: parallel‐group randomised trials Duration of trial: July 2014 to January 2016 Duration of follow‐up: "All outcomes were evaluated daily during the hospital stay, and postoperative follow‐up was conducted on postoperative days 30 and 90" Country of origin: China
Participants	Baseline characteristics Number randomised: 190 participants Number analysed: 184 participants Intervention: MBP+oAB Number of participants [n]: 91 Age [years; mean (SD)]: 46.3 (14.4) Gender [male/female; n]: 61/34 Control: MBP Number of participants [n]: 93 Age [years, mean (SD)]: 45.2 (15.6) Gender [male/female; n]: 59/36 Inclusion criteria  18 years of age or older and scheduled for elective colorectal surgery Exclusion criteria Patients were excluded if they had any preoperative infection or bowel obstruction, if they were undergoing emergency laparotomy, if they used antibiotics 2 weeks preoperatively, or were being treated with steroids or immunosuppressants preoperatively Baseline imbalances None
Interventions	Comparison Intervention: MBP+oAB Control: MBP   MBP Agent(s): sodium phosphate Dose per administration: 133 mL Time(s) of intake: twice a day on the day before the surgery Route: oral Concomitant medications: ‐   oAB Agent(s): metronidazole and levofloxacin Dose per administration: 400 mg and 200 mg Time(s) of intake: at 3:00 PM, 7:00 PM, and 11:00 PM on the day before the surgery Route: poral. Concomitant medications: ‐   Perioperative intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis Agent(s): second‐generation cephalosporin and metronidazole Dose per administration: ‐ Time(s) of intake: 30 to 60 minutes before the surgery and repeated every 3 hours during surgery; the antibiotics were continued for 24 hours following surgery.   Adherence to regimen: Two patients were excluded due protocol violations
Outcomes	Outcomes sought in review and reported in trial SSI (incisional, deep and organ/space) Incidence of postoperative ileus Outcomes sought but not reported in trial Anastomotic leakage Mortality Length of hospital stay Postoperative complications (mild D/C I + II or severe D/C III + IV) Side effects of Intervention(s) Outcomes reported in trial but not used in review Extra‐abdominal complications Readmission rates
Notes	Source of funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81270478) Conflicts of interest: ‐ Ethics approval: The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Jinling Hospital Informed consent: All participants gave their informed consent before randomisation Clinical trials registration: ‐ Sample size calculation: "To reach a power of 80%, it was estimated that 90 patients would be required in each group to detect the difference of SSI between 18% and 6% with a type I error of 0.05. A total sample size of 95 patients was established for each arm."