Table 1.
Clinical characteristics, seropositivity rate, and humoral vaccine response in patients and healthy controls.
| NMOSD/MOGAD | HC (n = 15) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-IL6R (n = 13) a | Anti-CD20 (n = 17) b | Oral IT (n = 9) b | No IT (n = 9) | ||
| Female sex, n (%) | 12 (93) | 16 (94) | 5 (56) | 7 (78) | 11 (73) |
| Age, years, median (range) | 48 (23–62) | 49 (29–68) | 42 (32–72) | 34 (20–63) | 33 (22–67) |
| AQP4-IgG+/-IgG-/MOG-IgG+ | 8/0/5 | 12/3/2 | 2/2/5 | 3/0/6 | – |
| Disease duration, years, median (range) | 9 (3–42) | 10 (2–40) | 19 (15–33) | 10 (1–22) | – |
| Duration of treatment, months, median (range) | 29 (10–139) | 56 (10–172) | 40 (21–181) | – | – |
| Vaccination type | |||||
| Comirnaty, n (%) | 12 (92) | 15 (88) | 7 (78) | 6 (67) | 10 (67) |
| Comirnaty/Vaxzevria, n (%) | 0 | 1 (6) | 1 (11) | 3 (33) | 5 (33) |
| Spikevax, n (%) | 1 (8) | 1 (6) | 1 (11) | 0 | 0 |
| Spike-ab seropositivity, n (%) | 13/13 (100) | 7/17 (41) | 9/9 (100) | 9/9 (100) | 15/15 (100) |
| Spike-ab titer, BAU/mL, median (range) | 720 (102–2500) | 0.4 (0–213) | 795 (250–2500) | 2500 (181–2500) | 2500 (809–2500) |
| Time btw. 2nd vaccination and spike-ab, days, median (range) | 72 (22–154) | 67 (28–174) | 77 (48–138) | 91 (39–169) | 76 (34–165) |
| Lymphopenia, n (%) | 7/13 (54) | 7/16 (44) | 2/9 (22) | 1/6 (17) | – |
| IgG deficiency, n (%) | 6/12 (50) | 3/15 (20) | 0/6 | 0/4 | – |
| Pretreatment with RTX, n (%) | 7/13 (54) | – | 0/8 | 1/7 (14) | – |
| Time between last anti-CD20 and first vaccination, days (range) | 833 (317–4357) | 136 (76–289) | – | 508 | – |
anti-IL6R: IL-6 receptor inhibiting monoclonal antibodies; HC: healthy controls; IT: immunotherapy; MOGAD: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease; NMOSD: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; RTX: rituximab; spike-ab: Immunoglobulin G antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
a
Three of 13 patients are treated with concomitant steroid therapy.
b
One patient from the group is treated with concomitant steroid therapy.