Skip to main content
. 2023 Jan 26;14:1092826. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1092826

TABLE 2.

Assessment of the quality of the studies included in the review.

Article Controlled to healthy subjects Absence of neurological or psychiatric history Absence of active central nervous system condition Absence of active psychiatric condition Effect of medication controlled Diagnosis confirmed by a neurologist and/or a psychiatrist Sufficient details for replication Sample size Overall score
Kitamura et al. (23) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes 1 8/10
Tramoni et al. (30) yes yes yes yes no yes yes 1 7/10
Hennig-Fast et al. (22) yes no yes yes yes yes yes 1 7/10
Chechko et al. (20) yes no yes yes no yes yes 1 6/10
Thomas-Anterion et al. (29) yes no yes yes no yes yes 2 6/10
Kikuchi et al. (35) no no yes yes yes yes yes 2 6/10
Sellal et al. (37) no yes yes yes yes yes no 1 6/10
Markowitsch et al. (26) (Cogn. Neuropsy.) yes yes yes no no yes yes 1 6/10
Magnin et al. (25) no yes yes no yes yes no 1 5/10
Arzy et al. (32) yes no yes yes no yes no 1 5/10
Helmes et al. (34) no yes yes no no yes no 1 4/10
Kunii et al. (24) no no yes yes no yes no 1 4/10
Thomas-Anterion et al. (28) yes no yes no no yes no 1 4/10
Brand et al. (18) yes no no no no yes no 14 4/10
Stracciari et al. (38) no no yes no no yes no 13 4/10
Botzung et al. (33) no yes no no no yes yes 1 4/10
Piolino et al. (27) yes no no no no yes yes 1 4/10
Yang et al. (39) no no yes no no yes yes 1 4/10
Glisky et al. (21) yes no no no no yes yes 1 4/10
Yasuno et al. (31) yes no no no no yes yes 1 4/10
Markowitsch et al. (26) (Psychiatry Res.) no no yes no no yes yes 1 4/10
Mitsui et al. (40) no no yes no no yes no 1 3/10

22 studies were included on the review. In this table, studies are displayed using first their overall quality and their publication date. Each one was assessed on a ten-point scale, 1 being of very low quality and 10 being of very high quality. Every positive answer to one of our criteria added one point. Studies with 15 patients or more were rewarded 3 points; the ones between 5 and 14 included gave 2 points, and studies with less than 5 patients were only given 1 point.