Table 2.

Description and example keywords obtained from the first round Biterm Topic Model (BTM).

BTM topic number	Corpus percent	Topic description	Example keywords	Example tweet
Topic 1	4.0%	Common Spanish terms; drug related keywords	“drugs”; “Xanax”; “online”; “amidon”; “pour”	“Devo prendere lo Xanax.”
Topic 2	11.9%	Common Spanish terms; unclear topic	“que”; “de”; “mas”; “como”; “con”	“no vean how to sell drugs online, es una trampa”
Topic 3	9.1%	Terms relating to Viking National Football League team	“vikes”; “Vikings”; “season”; “captain”; “team”	“tough choice. I‚Äôd do a Xanax-infused coq au vin. A total win-win.”
Topic 4	8.8%	Drug and drug slang terms	“perc”; “drank”; “hydros”; “Xanax”; “sizzurp”	“Y‚Äôall be letting ppl who can‚Äôt start their day without popping 4 Xanax, 2 percs, and pouring up a 4 of lean tell y‚Äôall what‚Äôs cool. Y‚Äôall some losers too”
Topic 5	1.8%	Common Turkish terms	“bhi”; “ko”; “pedido”; “ka”; “hai”	“anksiyete krizi garantili. b√∂yle kahvaltilarda yanimdan xanax‚Äôƒ± eksik etmem”
Topic 6	4.0%	Common Indonesian terms	“di”; “sa”; “kalo”; “tapi” “juga”; “jadi”	“Pota nakaapat na transaction ako sa shopee ah drugs talaga online shopping fak la na q pera”
Topic 7	15.2%	Drug and alcohol-related slang terms	“drinking”; “blue”; “butler”; “cash”; “commons”	“Monkish Monday and da üêª Bears....thnx Nella.. - Drinking a Blue Heaven On Earth by @monkishbrewing @ FireSky Hop Farm ‚Äî “
Topic 8	7.7%	Real estate terms; Hindi terms	“floors”; “jodhpur”; “kitchen”; “use”; “walls”	“I‚Äôm going to buy a dozen Xanax tablets the size of an Ivory soap bar and just use them starting on Tuesday morning.”
Topic 9	32.9%	General online drug selling terms	“buy”; “drugs”; “online”; “money”; “think”	“eddie that was caught up in the 80s selling drugs and pimpin‚Äô then started smoking a little crack > white nyc gentrifiers on oxy askin”
Topic 10	4.7%	Crime-related terms	'police', ‘murder’, 'hospital', 'blood', 'justice', 'donate'	“Police were called to Larchmont Road, Leicester, at 8.15pm today (Saturday 26 September) after a collision involving 3 vehicles. A 32-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of drink driving and driving whilst disqualified.”