Table 2.
Number of defined forensic psychiatric beds in European Union Member States in 2017 (empty cells: no answer or unknown).
| Country | Population (total number) | Beds in specialized forensic facilities | Places in forensic outpatient services | Forensic beds in general psychiatric facilities | Forensic beds in prison services | Forensic beds in other services |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 8,772,900 | 440 | 950 | 210 | 230 | |
| Belgium | 11,365,800 | 891 | 1,110 | 1,068 | 694 | |
| Bulgaria | 7,101,000 | 25 | 350 | |||
| Croatia | 4,154,200 | 351 | 4 | 0 | 40 | |
| Cyprus | 854,800 | 10 | ||||
| Czech Republic | 10,578,800 | 316 | 1,031 | 20 | ||
| Denmark | 5,748,800 | 391 | 221 | |||
| England | 55,286,100 | 6,590 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Estonia | 1,315,600 | 110 | ||||
| Finland | 5,503,300 | |||||
| France | 67,024,500 | 656 | 800 | |||
| Germany | 82,800,000 | 10,799 | ||||
| Ireland | 4,774,800 | 104 | 21 | 262 | ||
| Italy | 60,589,400 | 541 | ||||
| Latvia | 1,950,100 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 0 | |
| Luxembourg | 590,700 | 42 | ||||
| Poland | 37,973,000 | 2,631 | 0 | 0 | 253 | 65 |
| Portugal | 10,309,600 | 275 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Romania | 19,638,300 | 1,070 | 149 | |||
| Slovenia | 2,065,900 | 48 | ||||
| Spain | 46,529,000 | 626 | ||||
| Sweden | 9,995,200 | 1,159 | 804 | |||
| Switzerland | 8,417,700 | 543 |
Data origin and range of capacities as provided by experts during the survey.
Austria: Specialized forensic facilities: Ministry of Justice, forensic outpatient services: Pro Mente report.
Belgium: Psychiatric beds in prison services: Office of the Director General for Correctional Facilities, annual reports 2012–2018, annual average of patients per day in psychiatric prison wards.
Bulgaria: Sources not specified.
Croatia: Sources not specified.
Cyprus: Sources not specified.
Czech Republic: Sources not specified.
Denmark: Specialized forensic facilities: Benchmarking af psykiatrien for 2017, forensic outpatient services: Not specified. The Census of Danish Regions reported 772 forensic psychiatric outpatients in 2010, however, forensic beds in general psychiatric hospitals: not specified, The Census of Danish Regions reported 221 forensic psychiatric inpatients in general psychiatric hospitals in 2010.
Estonia: Specialized forensic facilities: Source not specified, forensic outpatient services: Provided, number of places unknown.
Finland: Numbers unknown.
France: Specialized forensic facilities: Beds in “Unités pour maladies difficiles UMD” are both for mentally ill offenders and for non-offending, but dangerous mentally ill persons. Forensic beds in general psychiatric facilities: Beds for mentally ill offenders available in unknown number, as these services do not distinguish between of involuntarily placed mentally ill and mentally ill offenders. Forensic beds in prison services: provided for psychiatric or psychological treatment of criminal fully responsible inmates also.
Germany: Specialized forensic facilities: Federal Statistical Office: Maßregelvollzugsstatistik: Number of occupied beds at January 1, 2017 in 11 out of 16 federal states, incl. Patients under § 126a.
Italy: Specialized forensic facilities (REMS): Corleone F (2019) Relazione smestrale sull'attività svolta dal Commissario unico per il superamento degli Ospedali Pschiatrici Giudiziari.
Latvia: General psychiatric services: source not specified.
Luxembourg: Source not specified.
Poland: Sources not specified, other services: numbers from 2013.
Portugal: Sources not specified.
Romania: Sources not specified.
Slovenia: Sources not specified.
Spain: Sources not specified, beds for forensic patients provided in general psychiatric facilities and other services, numbers unknown.
Sweden: Specialized forensic facilities, forensic outpatient services: The Swedish National Forensic Psychiatric Register, beds in general psychiatric facilities provided in unknown number.
England: Specialized forensic facilities: Voluntary surveillance system of Royal College of Psychiatrists, no data on forensic outpatient services and prison services.
Switzerland: Number estimated by expert.
Countries not mentioned have failed to return information on the respective items.