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. 2023 Feb 9;30(16):48436–48448. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25407-9

Table 1.

Variable measurement and data sources

Variable Acronym Measurement Data source
Energy transition ET Contribution of renewables to total power generation (%) IEA
Governance GOV Governance Index comprising corruption control, government effectiveness, rule of law, political stability, regulatory quality and voice and accountability WGI
Environmental related taxes ERT Environmental tax such as on emissions to energy sources, air, water, autos, garbage, and so on OECD
Economic growth GDP Gross Domestic Product (constant $=2015) WDI
Industrialization IND Industry value added (% of GDP) WDI

IEA stands for International Energy Agency, WGI for World Governance Indicators, OECD for Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and WDI for World Development Indicators