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. 2023 Jan 24;8(5):4597–4607. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05451

Table 1. Physical and Chemical Properties of 11 Liquids Identified Using a Fiber-Optic Droplet Evaporation Method, Ordered by Increasing Vapor Pressurea.

name formula molar mass (g/mol) boiling point (F) vapor pressure at 25 °C (mmHg) density (kg/m3) refractive index viscosity at 25 °C (mPa·s) relative polarity
decane C10H22 142.29 345.4 1.43 730 1.412 0.838 0.300 (hydrophobic)
dimethyl-formamide (DMF) C3H7NO 73.09 307.4 3.87 944 1.4305 0.802 0.386 (hydrophilic)
isooctane C8H18 114.23 210.2 14.25 690 1.39145 0.50 0.537 (hydrophobic)
2-propanol C3H8O 60.1 180.5 43.65 786 1.377 2.04 0.546 (hydrophilic)
ethanol C2H5OH 46.07 173.1 58.75 789 1.361 1.040 0.654 (hydrophilic)
trichloro-ethylene C2HCl3 131.4 189 69.0 1.46 1.4777 0.532 0.259 (hydrophobic)
acetonitrile C2H3N 41.05 179.6 91.19 786 1.344 0.343 0.460 (hydrophilic)
ethyl acetate C4H8O2 88.11 170.8 93.20 902 1.3724 0.428 0.228 (hydrophobic)
methanol CH3OH 32.04 148.5 126.87 792 1.33 0.543 0.762 (hydrophilic)
acetone C3H6O 58.08 132.8 229.47 784 1.359 0.306 0.355 (hydrophilic)
dichloromethane (DCM) CH2Cl2 84.93 103.3 435.0 1.33 1.4244 0.413 0.309 (hydrophobic)
polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) (C2H6OSi)n 74.0 213.8 5.0 764 1.4035 10.0 (hydrophobic)b
diethylene glycol (DEG) C4H10O3 106.12 473.5 0.002 1110 1.4472 35.7 0.713 (hydrophilic)
a

The two organic compounds, PDMS and DEG, used to modify the end surfaces of optical fibers are also included in the table.

b

Relative polarity was not available for PDMS.