Gal-9 blockade in combination with ATM inhibition potently suppresses tumor growth and prolongs mice survival. A. A diagram of treatment strategy. BALB/c mice were inoculated with CT26 cells and then treated with isotype control, ATM inhibitor AZD1390 (5mg/kg for 9 times) alone, anti-Gal-9 antibody (100μg /dose for 3 times) alone, or their combination. B. Tumor growth curves of individual CT26-bearing BALB/c mice treated as indicated (n=5 mice/group). C. Average tumor growth of mice inoculated with CT26 tumor cells and subjected to the indicated treatments. Error bars represent SEM of the means. Anti-Gal-9 antibody treatment schedule is indicated by arrows. D. Survival curves of mice inoculated with CT26 tumors and subjected to the indicated treatments. E. The size of tumors harvested from individual CT26-bearing BALB/c mice on Day 14 after inoculation. F. Tumor growth curves of individual of LLC-bearing C57BL/6 mice treated with isotype control, ATM inhibitor AZD1390 (5mg/kg for 9 times) alone, anti-Gal-9 antibody (100μg /dose for 3 times) alone, or their combination (n=4 mice/group). G. Average tumor growth of mice inoculated with LLC tumor cells and subjected to the indicated treatments. Error bars represent SEM of the means. Anti-Gal-9 antibody treatment schedule is indicated by arrows. H. Survival curves of mice inoculated with LLC tumors and subjected to the indicated treatments. n.s., not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.