Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 9;234:103861. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103861

Table 3.

Stepwise regressions examining different aspects of distress: Covid Stress (CSS), Anxiety (DASS-subscale) and Depression (DASS-subscale).

Model/step Independent variable F change Df p Adjusted R2 Β p
Dependent: Covid Stress (CSS)
1 RSME 286.688 553 .000*** 0.340 0.453 .000***
2 PTCI World 78.564 552 .000*** 0.421 0.326 .000***
3 Emotional Stability (TIPI) 14.268 551 .000*** 0.435 −0.188 .000***
4 PTCI Self 10.562 550 .001** 0.445 −0.158 .001**
5 Health Condition in the Household 3.865 549 .050 0.447 0.063 .050



Dependent: Depression (DASS)
1 PTCI Self 636.656 553 .000*** 0.534 0.482 .000***
2 RRS 46.268 552 .000*** 0.570 0.217 .000***
3 UCLA 14.845 551 .000*** 0.580 0.143 .000***
4 Conscientiousness (TIPI) 9.737 550 .002** 0.587 0.098 .001**
5 RSME 8.900 549 .003** 0.592 0.103 .001**
6 PTCI World 5.929 548 .015* 0.596 −0.089 .015*



Dependent: Anxiety (DASS)
1 PTCI Self 413.930 553 .000*** 0.427 0.339 .000***
2 Emotional Stability (TIPI) 46.878 552 .000*** 0.471 −0.185 .000***
3 RRS 26.838 551 .000*** 0.495 0.165 .000***
4 RSME 20.615 550 .000*** 0.512 0.151 .000***
5 Living Environment 13.122 549 .000*** 0.522 0.119 .000***
6 Underlying Health Condition 7.206 548 .007** 0.528 0.081 .006*
7 Openness (TIPI) 6.312 547 .012* 0.532 −0.074 .012*
8 Number of Children 4.888 546 .027* 0.536 0.064 .027*

Statistical significance: *p < .05, **p < .005, ***p < .001.