Table 1.
Category 1 findings (explaining medical or surgical procedures).
| Authors, years | study design | ROB | Participants | sample size | Knowledge | Attitude | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattuca, 2018 | RCT | Low | Patients undergoing coronary angiography | 843 | ↑ | ↑ | – |
| Mhalu, 2015 | RCT | Low | Patients at risk of pulmonary tuberculosis | 200 | – | – | ↑ |
| Winter, 2016 | RCT | Low | Patients with acute renal colic | 92 | ↑ | ↔ | – |
| Miao, 2020 | RCT | Some | Patients referred for Mohs micrographic surgery | 102 | ↑ | ↔ | – |
| Reynolds-Wright, 2020 | RCT and Quasi RCT | Some | Gynaecological patients with confirmed gestation | 172 | ↖ | ↖ | – |
| Sahebalam, 2020 | RCT | Some | Primary school children referred for dental surgery | 50 | – | – | ↑ |
| Sari Turk, 2020 | RCT | Some | Patients awaiting stem cell transplantation | 82 | – | ↖ | – |
| Tipotsch, 2016 | RCT | Some | Patients awaiting cataract surgery | 123 | ↑ | ↔ | – |
| Hermann, 2002 | RCT | High | Patients undergoing thyroid surgery | 80 | ↔ | ↖ | – |
| Hong, 2012 | RCT | High | Patients about to undergo CT scan | 150 | ↑ | ↑ | – |
| Kakinuma, 2011 | RCT | High | Patients about to undergo surgery for cancer | 211 | ↑ | – | – |
| Mayilvaganan, 2018 | RCT | High | Patients undergoing thyroid surgery | 60 | – | ↖ | – |
| Mednick, 2016 | RCT | High | Patients undergoing an initial IVFA investigation | 52 | ↑ | ↔ | – |
| Mladenovski, 2008 | RCT | High | Patients referred for dental surgery | 30 | ↔ | ↖ | – |
| Platto, 2019 | RCT | High | Patients awaiting skin surgery | 45 | – | ↔ | – |
| Tou, 2013 | RCT | High | Patients undergoing bowel surgery | 31 | ↔ | ↔ | – |
| Yap, 2019 | RCT (3:1) | High | Patients undergoing coronary angiography | 332 | ↑ | – | – |
↑ Favours animation; ↖ Some positive results with animation; ↔ No difference between groups; –, not assessed; ROB, Risk of bias; Some, Some risk of bias concern, IVFA, Intravenous fluorescein angiography.