Scheme 1.

Electrochemical Leaf and wild-type and variant IDH1 reactions. (A) Principle of the Electrochemical Leaf: NADP(H) is recycled between FNR and an NADP(H)-dependent dehydrogenase; “D” represents the “dashboard,” the equipment used to control and monitor the reaction, which is composed of a potentiostat, a computer, and an electrode rotator. (B) The reversible wild-type IDH1 reaction. (C) The neomorphic reaction catalyzed by cancer-associated IDH1 variants, including IDH1 R132H. Molecules are shown as the forms predominating at pH = 7 to 8 (8).