TABLE 1. Complications and deaths from arbovirus infections, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Author, year	Type of study	Arbovirus	Population	Complications/deaths
Angelo et al., 2020	Ecological	DENV & ZIKV	1.9 million individuals	Inflammatory polyneuropathy
Araújo et al., 2018	Case–control	ZIKV	91 neonatal cases	Severe microcephaly, stillbirths with positive serology for ZIKV
Bertolotti et al., 2020	Prospective cohort	CHIKV	193 cases	Aggravating role of dehydration during the acute phase of chikungunya
Brasil et al., 2016	Cross-sectional	ZIKV	364 suspected cases	One patient with neurological symptoms of peripheral nerve involvement; one abortion
Chang et al., 2018	Cohort	CHIKV	500 individuals	Persistent joint pain reported by 123 people 20 months after infection
Couzigou et al., 2018	Cohort	CHIKV	Population of Martinique (Caribbean)	Of 509 cases, 200 reported persistent pain after 3 months of infection
De Lima et al., 2020	Cross-sectional	CHIKV	100 fatal cases of arbovirus infections	22% of fatal cases had CHIKV and DENV; 39 CHIKV cases had signs of neurological impairment
Einspieler et al., 2019	Cohort	ZIKV	444 children	Of 56 children exposed to ZIKV, 46 had congenital microcephaly
Freitas et al., 2019	Ecological	CHIKV	Jamaica (Caribbean)	2499 deaths positively related to the high incidence of chikungunya during the period evaluated
Frutuoso et al., 2020	Cross-sectional	CHIKV	5 850 cases registered with chikungunya and died	3135 deaths, with 21.4% of cases laboratory confirmed
Godaert et al., 2018	Cohort	CHIKV	385 patients > 64 years	35 deaths with seven prognostic factors associated with the outcome: cardiovascular disorders, respiratory infection, sensorimotor deficit, absence of musculoskeletal pain, history of alcoholism, digestive symptoms, and presence of confusion or delirium
Godaert et al., 2019	Cohort	CHIKV	268 patients positive for CHIKV	53 deaths, 4.6% of acute clinical cases, 19.0% of atypical cases, 19.2% of severe acute cases, and 23.5% of unclassifiable cases
Gregianini et al., 2017	Cross-sectional	CHIKV & ZIKV	1 276 suspected cases of arboviruses	Three conformed cases of congenital Zika syndrome
Hoen et al., 2018	Cohort	ZIKV	555 fetuses and children	28 premature or stillborn and 527 live births with congenital Zika syndrome
Kohler et al., 2018	Cross-sectional	CHIKV	31 individuals	50–69 years old; women developed disabling arthralgia
Mora-Salamanca et al., 2020	Ecological	CHIKV, DENV & ZIKV	Population of Colombia	The highest proportion of DALYs was caused by chronic complications of arboviruses
Oliveira et al., 2020	Ecological	CHIKV, DENV & ZIKV	12 130 550 DENV; 501 202 CHIKV cases	52% of dengue cases confirmed; 63% of chikungunya cases confirmed; 24% of the total cases evaluated were ZIKV
Paixão et al., 2015	Ecological	DENV	4 995 546 cases in Brazil (2001–2011)	Increase in the case fatality rate from dengue hemorrhagic fever in Brazil, with 3156 deaths recorded
Peters et al., 2018	Cohort	CHIKV	470 suspected cases	Arthralgia after 3 months of infection
Pinto et al., 2016	Cohort	DENV	105 459 reported cases	1605 cases of severe dengue with 61 deaths recorded
Pinto et al., 2019	Cross-sectional	CHIKV	Population of Fortaleza	Hospitalization and 269 deaths
Read et al., 2018	Cohort	ZIKV	7191 children	351 confirmed cases; 80 with chronic complications and 69 developing asthma
Santiago et al., 2019	Cross-sectional	DENV & ZIKV	1070 ZIKV; 312 DENV-2; and 260 DENV-3	1.7% of patients with ZIKV hospitalized, 50.6% and 43.8% of DENV-2 and DENV-3 cases, respectively, hospitalized, both for complications
Tomashek et al., 2017	Cohort	CHKIV & DENV	8996 individuals	46.7% of DENV cases hospitalized due to symptoms and severe forms of dengue
Vianna et al., 2019	Cohort	ZIKV	108 children	26 congenital Zika syndrome diagnoses: 18 microcephaly and 16 epilepsy

DENV, dengue virus; ZIKV; Zika virus, CHIKV, chikungunya virus; DALY, disability-adjusted life year.

Source: Prepared by authors from studies retrieved.