Table 2.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criterion	Exclusion criterion
Peer-reviewed and written in the English language	Articles in a different language than English.
Clearly describes fake news, misinformation and disinformation problems in social networks	Does not focus on fake news, misinformation, or disinformation problem in social networks
Written by academic or industrial researchers	Short papers, posters or similar
Have a high number of citations
Recent articles only (last ten years)
In the case of equivalent studies, the one published in the highest-rated journal or conference is selected to sustain a high-quality set of articles on which the review is conducted	Articles not following these inclusion criteria
Articles that propose methodologies, methods, or approaches for fake news detection online social networks