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. 2023 Jan 25;12:e84477. doi: 10.7554/eLife.84477

Figure 7. A region of VPS39 and SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a interaction.

Figure 7.

(A) Cytosolic view of SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a structure (dark and light pink) with the unstructured loop highlighted in yellow. W193 (purple, sticks) has also been described to mediate an interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a and VPS39 (Chen et al., 2021). Putative VPS39 interfaces are indicated (light blue spheres) with potential stoichiometries of 1:1 or 1:2 molecules of VPS39 to SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a. (B) Cytosolic surface of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 Orf3a colored by their electrostatic potential (APBS program): blue, positive (+5 kT/e); red, negative (–5 kT/e) (Jurrus et al., 2018). The putative VPS39 interfaces (dotted black lines) are the same as indicated in (A). (C) Working model of SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a dysregulation of late endosome and autophagosome fusion with lysosomes. HOPS-dependent regions of the endocytic and autophagy pathways that are disrupted by SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a are indicated (red X). Adapted from “Mutation of HOPS Complex Subunits”, by BioRender.com (2022). Retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates.