Table 1.
Characteristics and summary statistics for the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-5L-Psychosocial, and AQoL-8D’s health state utilities and the EQ VAS scores
| Instrument | EQ-5D-5L | EQ-5D-5L-Psychosocial | AQoL-8D | EQ VAS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1683 | 0 = death 1.0 = perfect health |
0 = death 1.0 = perfect health |
0 = death 1.0 = perfect health |
0 = worst health state 100 = best health state |
| Number of participants | 1651 | 1635 | 1630 | 1618 |
| Mean (SD) | 0.58 (0.32) | 0.62 (0.20) | 0.63 (0.20) | 68.67 (21.32) |
| Median (IQR) | 0.63 (0.42–0.81) | 0.63 (0.47–0.77) | 0.63 (0.46–0.81) | 75.00 (56.00–85.00) |
| Kurtosis* | 3.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Observed range | −0.68–1.0 | 0.05–1.0 | 0.10–1.0 | 0–100 |
|
Algorithmic range** (Australian value sets) |
−0.68–1.0 | 0.046–1.0 | 0.09–1.0 | NA |
| Potential health states | 3125 | 1,953,125 | 2.4*1023 | NA |
| Population norms for the general Australian population | 0.91 (0.14) | NA | 0.80 (0.19) | 78.55 (16.57) |
| Minimal important difference (MID) | 0.04 | NA | 0.08 | 8.61–10.82 |
| Participants on ceiling (n, %) | 157 (10%) | 7 (0.004%) | 7 (0.004%) | 0 |
| Participants on floor (n, %)*** | 3 (0.002%) | 1 (0.001%) | 0 | 0 |
*Kurtosis < 3 Platykurtic; > 3 Leptokurtic; = 3 Mesokurtic
**EQ-5D-5L Australian value set Norman et al. 2013; EQ-5D-5L-Psychosocial Chen et al. 2020, AQoL-8D Richardson et al. 2014
***Participants on the floor calculated for a health state utility ≤ −0.06 for the EQ-5D-5L, < 0.05 for the AQoL-8D and EQ-5D-5lpsychosocial
NA: not applicable