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. 2023 Feb 10;14:737. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36403-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a–c Comparison of fecundity (a), honeydew excretion (b), and electrical penetration graph (EPG) parameters (c) between dsGFP-treated and dsLsSP1-treated L. striatellus on WT and oeSP1#1 plants. P-values were determined by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant. Data are presented as mean values ±SEM. For fecundity (a) and honeydew (b) analysis, n = 20 independent biological replicates in each treatment; for EPG analysis (c), n = 14 (WT-dsGFP), n = 16 (WT-dsLsSP1), n = 13 (oeSP1#1-dsGFP), and n = 13 (oeSP1#1-dsLsSP1) independent biological replicates. All EPG recordings were performed for 8 h. N1 + N2 + N3 pathway duration, N4 phloem sap ingestion, N5 xylem sap ingestion, np nonpenetration. d Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs specifically identified in WT plants, but not in oeSP1#1 plants. Enriched P-values were calculated according to one-sided hypergeometric test using TBtools software⁷⁰. e The impacts of L. striatellus infestation on salicylic acid (SA) marker genes in WT and oeSP1#1 plants. PAL phenylalanine ammonia lyase, PAD4 phytoalexin deficient 4, GRX480 glutaredoxin GRX480, SAMT SA methyl transferase, ICS isochorismate synthase, WRKY transcription factor WRKY, NPR1 non-repressor of pathogenesis-related protein 1, PR1 pathogenesis-related 1, SAGT SA glucosyl transferase. Nipponbare rice plants and transgenic plants of Nipponbare background were used. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.