. 2023 Jan 30;11(1):28–38. doi: 10.14791/btrt.2022.0046

Table 2. Clinical trials of average risk medulloblastoma.

Study (reference)		No. of patients	Cohort criteria	Study outcome	Radiation dose (Gy)	Chemotherapy	Survival
CCG 9892 [37]		65	3–10 yr, M0, R0	Non-randomized trial, feasibility of reduced dose CSI (23.4 Gy) and adjuvant CT	CSI 23.4/PF 55.8	VCR during RT, CCNU/CDDP/VCR	5-yr PFS 79%
SIOP PNET3 [35]		179 (pre-RT CT 90, RT alone 89)	3–16 yr, M0	Randomized trial, pre-RT vs. RT alone (outcome of CT after surgery and before RT)	CSI 35/PF 55	None vs. VCR, VP, alternating CBP and CPM	5-yr EFS 67.0% (pre-RT CT 74.2% vs. RT alone 59.7%)
	SJMB-96 [45] (average risk arm)	86	3–21 yr M0, R0	Non-randomized trial, 5-yr EFS	CSI 23.4/PF 36/TB 55.8	CPM, CDDP, VCR+SCR (4 cycles)	5-yr EFS 83%
HIT-SIOP		169	4–21 yr, except	Randomized trial evaluating STRT vs. HFRT	Conventional RT CSI 23.4/PF 54 HFRT CSI 36/PF 60	VCR during RT; adjuvant CDDP, CCNU, VCR 8 cycles	5-yr EFS 77% for STRT, 78% for conventional RT group 78%
	PNET4 [39]	169	LC/A histology	Randomized trial evaluating STRT vs. HFRT	Conventional RT CSI 23.4/PF 54 HFRT CSI 36/PF 60	VCR during RT; adjuvant CDDP, CCNU, VCR 8 cycles	5-yr EFS 77% for STRT, 78% for conventional RT group 78%
	COG A9961 [36]	A 193 B 186	3–21 yr, M0 or R0	Randomized trial evaluating adjuvant CPM vs. CCNU based chemo	CSI 23.4/PF 55.8	A: CCNU, CDDP, VCR B: CPM, CDDP, VCR	A: 5-yr EFS 81% B: 5-yr EFS 86%
	SJMB-03 [40]	227	3–21 yr, M0, GTR or NTR (R0)	Non-randomized trial, evaluating dose-intensive chemotherapy	CSI 23.4/PF 55.8	VCR, CDDP, CPM with autologous SCR 4 cycles	5-yr PFS 83.2%
	ACNS 0331 [38]	549	3–21 yr, M0, ≤1.5 cm²	Randomized trial, 1) evaluating PFRT vs. IFRT, 2) standard dose CSI (24 Gy) vs. low dose CSI (18 Gy) for young children (3–7 yrs)	CSI 23.4 or 18/PF or IFRT 54	A: CDDP, CCNU, VCR B: CPM,VCR (AABAABAAB)	5-yr EFS 81.4 (82.5% for IFRT, 80.5% for PFRT; 82.9% for SDCSI vs. 71.4% for LDCSI)

CSI, craniospinal irradiation; PF, posterior fossa; VCR, vincristine; CCNU, lomustine; CDDP, cisplatin; PFS, progression-free survival; RT, radiotherapy; CT, chemotherapy; VP, etoposide; CBP, carboplatin; CPM, cyclophosphamide; EFS, event free survival; TB, tumor bed; SCR, stem cell rescue; LC/A, large cell/anaplastic; HFRT, hyperfractionated radiation therapy; GTR, gross total resection; NTR, near total resection; PFRT, posterior fossa radiation therapy; IFRT, involved field radiation therapy; SDCSI, standard dose CSI; LDCSI, low dose CSI