Table 5.

Effects of feeding medium chain fatty acid on blood neutrophils phagocytosis of early lactation cows and peak lactation cows².

Variable	Treatment1		SEM	P-value
	CON	MCFA		Treatment	Time	Treatment ×Time
Pre-calving
IL3-2 (pg/mL)	152.05	152.33	2.202	0.57	0.04	0.29
IL-6 (ng/mL)	382.09	385.57	5.446	0.75	0.10	0.33
IL-8 (ng/mL)	82.65	80.34	1.074	0.28	0.07	0.51
IL-10 (pg/mL)	197.46	204.69	3.026	0.23	0.10	0.44
TNF-α3 (pg/L)	228.75	217.82	3.318	0.12	0.28	0.80
MPO3 (U/L)	125.48	126.08	1.253	0.83	0.78	0.82
SAA3 (μg/mL)	32.54	31.62	0.649	0.47	0.11	0.21
Early lactation
IL-2 (pg/mL)	159.17	160.12	2.338	0.85	0.30	0.40
IL-6 (ng/mL)	405.38	415.11	7.003	0.42	<0.01	0.06
IL-8 (ng/mL)	88.02	91.39	1.519	0.29	0.31	0.29
IL-10 (pg/mL)	214.44	213.98	3.375	0.92	<0.01	0.21
TNF-α (pg/L)	234.38	234.14	2.655	0.97	0.33	0.78
MPO (U/L)	140.22a	133.81b	1.526	0.04	0.28	0.13
SAA (μg/mL)	32.24a	29.92b	0.561	0.03	0.01	0.29
Peak lactation
IL-2 (pg/mL)	135.11	138.74	3.171	0.59	0.38	0.43
IL-6 (ng/mL)	416.84	436.53	9.149	0.32	0.56	0.69
IL-8 (ng/mL)	97.96	96.51	1.614	0.68	0.66	0.42
IL-10 (pg/mL)	231.24	230.32	3.373	0.89	0.06	0.82
TNF-α (pg/L)	238.10	229.13	4.321	0.25	0.27	0.01
MPO (U/L)	132.43	141.04	3.049	0.19	0.51	0.48
SAA (μg/mL)	31.06	30.58	0.820	0.76	0.05	0.14

SEM, standard error of mean.

^a-bMeans within a row with unlike superscripts differ (P ≤ 0.05).

¹CON, control treatment, basic diet with no medium chain fatty acids, n = 9. MCFA = MCFA treatment, basic diet and medium chain fatty acids 20 g/d, n = 9.

²Pre-calving, from 21 d before calving to calving, Early lactation = from 1 d to 28 d after calving, Peak lactation= from 29 d to 70 d after calving.

³IL, interleukin, TNF- α, tumor necrosis factor α; MPO, myeloperoxidase; SAA, serum amyloid protein A.