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. 2023 Jan 26;6:e39650. doi: 10.2196/39650

Table 2.

Results of the multivariable linear regression model predicting actual case duration. We included all features in the model. Because surgical procedure had 39 different procedures, we omitted the values from the table, however, they were included in the model.


Estimate SE (minutes) P value
Intercept –61.89 119.13 .60
Specific surgical procedure included

Kyphoplasty –225.43 90.5 .01

Discectomy –33.94 94.7 .72

Fusion 6.17 75.9 .94

Laminectomy 218.51 41.7 <.001
Anterior approach involved 102.06 93.6 .28
Number of spine levels involved

1 Reference

2 62.57 77.8 .42

3 –18.15 80.6 .82

4 74.41 65.3 .25

5 246.18 61.7 <.001

6 212.36 106.7 .04

7 445.13 143.1 .002
Surgeon performing procedure

A Reference

B –38.37 13.1 .003

C 4.32 6.0 .47
Level of spine involved

Cervical 115.84 53.6 .03

Thoracic 26.56 34.6 .44

Lumbar 218.51 52.3 <.001
Male sex 173.34 171.7 .31
BMI (kg/m2) 0.38 0.52 .47
ASA PSa classification score

1 Reference

2 66.03 30.1 .32

3 97.43 25.9 <.001

4 29.98 30.1 .32
  Unknown 41.97 60.2 .49

aASA PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status.