Table 5.

Subgroup analysis of the performance of the proposed 12-lead deep learning model for detecting IPD

		AUROC	95% CI
Age (y)	≥75	0.928	0.906–0.949
	<75	0.919	0.908–0.954
Sex	Men	0.931	0.891–0.943
	Women	0.917	0.891–0.943
Alcohol	No	0.918	0.897–0.938
	Yes	0.944	0.915–0.973
Smoking	No	0.923	0.904–0.942
	Yes	0.933	0.894–0.971
Diabetes	No	0.881	0.850–0.911
	Yes	0.965	0.948–0.981
Heart rate (beats/min)	<100	0926	0.908–0.943
	≥100	0.908	0.843–0.973
Medication affecting ECG	No	0.914	0.892–0.936
	Yes	0.944	0.917–0.970
ECG diagnosis	Normal sinus rhythm	0.919	0.887–0.952
	Others	0.926	0.846–0.946

UPDRS, unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; Medication affecting ECG includes beta blockers, non-DHP CCB, antipsychotics, antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, antihistamines, quinidine, and macrolides.